I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others:

1. a. major   b. standard   c. stagnant   d. carry

2. a. cues   b. care   c. coke   d. cite

3. a. health   b. leader   c. heavy   d. measure

4. a. structure   b. subsidy   c. number   d. success

5. a. renovate   b. state   c. private   d. dominate

II. Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest:

6. a. economic   b. experience   c. entertainment   d. introduction

7. a. achievement   b. communist   c. constantly   d. government

8. a. heavy   b. major   c. program   d. reform

9. a. production   b. consumer   c. domestic   d. business

10. a. hospital   b. inflation   c. policy   d. constantly

III. Choose the word or phrase – a, b, c or d – that best completes the sentence or substitutes for the underlined word or phrase:

11. Economic reforms are often carried _______ to promote the developing of a country.

a. out   b. on   c. for   d. in

12. Being aware _____ the importance of economic reforms, the Vietnamese Communist Party initiated an overall economic reform policy.

a. for   b. at   c. of   d. in

13. For more than ten years, we have seen the significant _______ in the economy of our country.

a. develop   b. developments   c. developers   d. developed

14. Henry was a studious student. He needed no _______ to work hard.

a. encourage   b. encouraging

c. encouragement   d. encouraged

15. During the time of economic reforms, the economy has grown _______ with only a few major setbacks.

a. constant   b. constantly   c. constants   d. constancy

16. The introduction of appropriate farming practices to Vietnam farmers can help them achieve a higher output.

a. productivity   b. renovation   c. guideline   d. achievement

17. This development project could be of great help to the _______ Vietnamese population.

a. major   b. living   c. rural   d. domestic

18. In the South, _______ development concentrated on rice cultivation, and nationally, rice and rubber were the main items of export.

a. industrial   b. agricultural   c. mining   d. textile

19. Our new neighbors are quite nice _______ they are sometimes talkative.

a. despite   b. in spite of the fact   c. though   d. as though

20. _______ of the difficulty, they managed to climb to the top of the mountain.

a. In spite   b. Despite   c. But   d. Although

IV. Add althoug, though, in spite, despite, but, because to complete the following sentences:

21. Ronaldo is in good shape physically ________ he gets a lot of exercise.

22. _________ of the terrible food, he ate it anyway.

23. This letter was delivered even _________ it din’t have enough postage.

24. Becks ate a large dinner _______ he is still hungry.

25. ________ I turned on the air conditioner, it is still hot in here.

IV. Find one mistake that needs correcting:

26. The term economic reform refers to policies directing by the

      A   B

government to achieve improvements in economic efficiency.

   C   D

27. Economic reform usually refers to actions of the government to

     A  B

improve efficiency in economy markets.

C    D

28. Economic reform has dominated Australian economic policy from

    A    B

the early 1980s until the end of the 20th century.

C   D

29. The goal of Chinese economic reform was to generating sufficient

 A       B

surplus value to finance the modernization of the mainland Chinese

  C

economy.

D

30. Economic reforms started since 1986 in Vietnam have helped

    A     B

millions of people to be out of poverty and bringing the poverty rate

      C   D

down.

V. Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer:

Vietnam is a densely-populated, developing country that in the last 30 years has had to recover from the ravages of war. Substantial progress was achieved from 1986 to 1997 in moving forward from an extremely low level of development and significantly reducing poverty.

Since 2001, Vietnamese authorities have reaffirmed their commitment to economic liberalization and international integration. They have moved to implement the structural reforms needed to modernize the economy and to produce more competitive, export-driven industries.

Vietnam’s membership in the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) and entry into force of the US-Vietnam Bilateral Trade Agreement in December 2001 have led to even more rapid changes in Vietnam’s trade and economic regime. Vietnam’s exports to the US doubled in 2002 and again in 2003.

Vietnam joined the WTO (World Trade Organization) in January 2007, following over a decade long negotiation process. This should provide ail important boost to the economy and should help to ensure the continuation of liberalizing reforms.

Vietnam is working to create jobs to meet the challenge of a labor force that is growing by more than one million people every year. Vietnamese authorities have tightened monetary and fiscal policies to stem high inflation. Hanoi is targeting an economic growth rate of 7.5-8% during the next five years.

(*) Từ mới:

recover: hồi phục, khôi phục;

ravage: sự tàn phá;

authority: uy quyền, quyền lực, quyền thế;

liberalization: sự mở rộng tự do; sự làm cho có tự do;

integration: sự hợp nhất;

implement: bổ sung, thực hiện, thi hành;

regime: chế độ, chính thể;

negotiation: đàm phán;

tighten: thắt chặt, siết chặt;

monetary: (thuộc) tiền tệ;

fiscal: (thuộc) công khố; (thuộc) tài chính;

31. Vietnam’s economy is _______________.

a. decreasing    b. facing crisis    c. developing    d. backward

32. According to the text, Vietnam __________________.

a. used to be well-developed before 1986

b. Vietnam is still in extreme poverty

c. could recover from the consequences of the war soon

d. has been modernizing the economy

33. Vietnam ______________________.

a. does not export anything to the US

b. exported to the US in 2003 twice as much goods as in 2002

c. did not export goods to the US in 2002

d. did not export goods to the US in 2003

34. The word This refers to ___________________.

a. Vietnam’s joining the WTO    b. the WTO

c. the negotiating process    d. the Vietnamese economy

35. The word stem has a close meaning to _______.

a. succeed    b. stop    c. originate    d. invrease

VI. Finish the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one, beginning with the given words or phrases:

36. It was cold. However, James and his friends still went swimming.

Although __________________________________________________.

37. Even though his grades were low, he was admitted to college.

In spite ____________________________________________________.

38. He has a vast fortune. Nevertheless, he is unhappy.

Even ______________________________________________________.

39. They went jogging in the park despite the hot weather.

Though ____________________________________________________.

40. In spite of the hard work, they enjoyed themselves.

Although __________________________________________________.

Đáp án

1	a	21	because
2	d	22	In spite
3	b	23	though
4	d	24	but
5	c	25	Although/Though
6	b	26	B
7	a	27	D
8	d	28	A
9	d	29	B
10	b	30	D
11	a	31	c
12	c	32	d
13	b	33	b
14	c	34	a
15	b	35	b
16	a	36	Although it was cold, James and his friends still went swimming.
17	c	37	In spite of his low grades, he was admitted to college. – In spite of the fact that his grades were low, he was admitted to college.
18	b	38	Even though he has a vast fortune, he is unhappy.
19	c	39	Though it/the weather was hot, they wnet jogging in the park.
20	a	40	Although they worked hard, they enjoyed themselves.

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