D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 thi minh h\u1ecda K\u1ef3 thi th\u1eed THPT qu\u1ed1c gia M\u00f4n H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c n\u0103m 2015 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. Ch\u00fac c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc sinh \u00f4n t\u1eadp th\u1eadt t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho k\u1ef3 thi quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y!<\/em><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Cho bi<\/em>\u1ebft nguy\u00ean t<\/em>\u1eed kh<\/em>\u1ed1i c<\/em>\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t<\/em>\u1ed1: <\/em><\/p>\n H = 1; Li = 7; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Na = 23; Mg = 24; Al = 27; S = 32; Cl = 35,5; K = 39; Ca = 40; Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Zn = 65; Rb = 85,5; Ag = 108; Cs = 133.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 1. <\/strong>\u1ede tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh electron l\u1edbp ngo\u00e0i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1eed X l\u00e0 3s2<\/sup>. S\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 X l\u00e0:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 sai<\/strong> khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf HNO3<\/sub>?<\/p>\n A.<\/strong> HNO3 <\/sub>l\u00e0 axit y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n H2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub> n\u00ean b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y ra kh\u1ecfi mu\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n B.<\/strong> HNO3<\/sub> sinh ra d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng h\u01a1i n\u00ean c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5.<\/p>\n C.<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed1t n\u00f3ng b\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e8n c\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra nhanh h\u01a1n<\/p>\n D.<\/strong> HNO3<\/sub> c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00f4i th\u1ea5p (830<\/sup>C) n\u00ean d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb bay h\u01a1i khi \u0111un n\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 4. <\/strong>Nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m halogen?<\/p>\n A.<\/strong> Clo. B.<\/strong> Oxi. C.<\/strong> Nit\u01a1. D.<\/strong> Cacbon.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 5.<\/strong> Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m ure l\u00e0<\/p>\n A. <\/strong> (NH2<\/sub>)2<\/sub>CO. B.<\/strong> Ca(H2<\/sub>PO4<\/sub>)2<\/sub>. C.<\/strong> KCl. D.<\/strong> K2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub>.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 6. <\/strong>Khi \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y than \u0111\u00e1, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u00ed X (kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u, kh\u00f4ng m\u00f9i, \u0111\u1ed9c). X l\u00e0 kh\u00ed n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y?<\/p>\n A. <\/strong> CO2<\/sub>. B.<\/strong> CO. C.<\/strong> SO2<\/sub>. D.<\/strong> NO2<\/sub>.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 7:<\/strong> H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X g\u1ed3m Mg (0,10 mol), Al (0,04 mol) v\u00e0 Zn (0,15 mol). Cho X t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch HNO3<\/sub> lo\u00e3ng (d\u01b0), sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng dung d\u1ecbch t\u0103ng 13,23 gam. S\u1ed1 mol HNO3<\/sub> tham gia ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u00e0:<\/p>\n A. <\/strong> 0,6200 mol. B.<\/strong> 1,2400 mol. C.<\/strong> 0,6975 mol. D.<\/strong> 0,7750 mol.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 9.<\/strong> Cho c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u nguy\u00ean t\u1eed sau: X (Z = 1); Y (Z = 7); E (Z = 12); T (Z = 19). D\u00e3y g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kim lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0:<\/p>\n A.<\/strong> X, Y, E. B.<\/strong> X, Y, E, T. C.<\/strong> E, T. D.<\/strong> Y, T.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 10. <\/strong>Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang?<\/p>\n A.<\/strong> \u1ede \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang l\u1edbn h\u01a1n kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edb<\/p>\n B.<\/strong> T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 t\u00ednh kh\u1eed.<\/p>\n C.<\/strong> C\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 oxi ho\u00e1 duy nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t<\/p>\n D.<\/strong> \u1ede \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 11.<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c tr\u01a1 dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ee9a 0,2 mol Cu(NO3<\/sub>)2<\/sub>, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n 2,68A, trong th\u1eddi gian t (gi\u1edd), thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch X. Cho 14,4 gam b\u1ed9t Fe v\u00e0o X, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00ed NO (s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u1eed duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a N+5<\/sup>) v\u00e0 13,5 gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn. Bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n l\u00e0 100%. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t l\u00e0<\/p>\n A.<\/strong> 0,60. B.<\/strong> 1,00. C.<\/strong> 0,25. D.<\/strong> 1,20.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 12.<\/strong> Ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng<\/strong> ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch NaOH?<\/p>\n A.<\/strong> Cl2<\/sub>. B.<\/strong> Al. C.<\/strong> CO2<\/sub>. D.<\/strong> CuO.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 13.<\/strong> \u0110\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u1edbp c\u1eb7n trong \u1ea5m \u0111un n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng dung d\u1ecbch n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y?<\/p>\n A.<\/strong> Gi\u1ea5m \u0103n B.<\/strong> N\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4i. C.<\/strong> Mu\u1ed1i \u0103n. D.<\/strong> C\u1ed3n 700<\/sup>.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 14. <\/strong>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a sau khi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n? A.<\/strong> Cho dung d\u1ecbch NaOH d\u01b0 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch AlCl3<\/sub>.<\/p>\n B<\/strong>. Cho dung d\u1ecbch AlCl3<\/sub> d\u01b0 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch NaOH.<\/p>\n C.<\/strong> Cho CaCO3<\/sub> v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u01b0 dung d\u1ecbch HCl.<\/p>\n D.<\/strong> S\u1ee5c CO2<\/sub> t\u1edbi d\u01b0 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch Ca(OH)2<\/sub>.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 15.<\/strong> Dung d\u1ecbch X g\u1ed3m Al2<\/sub>(SO4<\/sub>)3<\/sub> 0,75M v\u00e0 H2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub> 0,75M. Cho V1<\/sub> ml dung d\u1ecbch KOH 1M v\u00e0o 100 ml dung d\u1ecbch X, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 3,9 gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, khi cho V2<\/sub> ml dung d\u1ecbch KOH 1M v\u00e0o 100 ml dung d\u1ecbch X c\u0169ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 3,9 gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. Bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 V2<\/sub> : V1<\/sub> l\u00e0<\/p>\n A<\/strong>. 4 : 3. B. <\/strong>25 : 9. C. <\/strong>13 : 9. D. <\/strong>7 : 3.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 16.<\/strong> Cho 115,3 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p hai mu\u1ed1i MgCO3<\/sub> v\u00e0 RCO3<\/sub> v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch H2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub> lo\u00e3ng, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 4,48 l\u00edt kh\u00ed CO2 <\/sub>(\u0111ktc), ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn X v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch Y ch\u1ee9a 12 gam mu\u1ed1i. Nung X \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn Z v\u00e0 11,2 l\u00edt kh\u00ed CO2<\/sub> (\u0111ktc). Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Z l\u00e0<\/p>\n A.<\/strong> 92,1 gam. B. <\/strong>80,9 gam. C. <\/strong>84,5 gam. D. <\/strong>88,5 gam.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 17. <\/strong>Ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn X m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf th\u1eabm tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh dung d\u1ecbch m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 S, P, C, C2<\/sub>H5<\/sub>OH\u2026 b\u1ed1c ch\u00e1y khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi X. Ch\u1ea5t X l\u00e0<\/p>\n A.<\/strong> P. B.<\/strong> Fe2<\/sub>O3<\/sub>. C.<\/strong> CrO3<\/sub>. D.<\/strong> Cu.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 18.<\/strong> Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 sai<\/strong>?<\/p>\n A.<\/strong> Gang v\u00e0 th\u00e9p \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim. B.<\/strong> Crom c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ea1 th\u00e9p.<\/p>\n C.<\/strong> S\u1eaft l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong v\u1ecf tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n D.<\/strong> Th\u00e9p c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Fe cao h\u01a1n gang.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 19.<\/strong> Cho m gam b\u1ed9t Fe v\u00e0o 200 ml dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ee9a hai mu\u1ed1i AgNO3<\/sub> 0,15M v\u00e0 Cu(NO3<\/sub>)2<\/sub> 0,1M, sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 3,84 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch X. Cho 3,25 gam b\u1ed9t Zn v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch X, sau khi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 3,895 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch Y. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m l\u00e0<\/p>\n A.<\/strong> 0,560. B.<\/strong> 2,240. C.<\/strong> 2,800. D.<\/strong> 1,435.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 20. <\/strong>Cho d\u00e3y c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t sau: Cu, Al, KNO3<\/sub>, FeCl3<\/sub>. S\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t trong d\u00e3y t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch NaOH l\u00e0<\/p>\n A.<\/strong>1. B. <\/strong>2. C. <\/strong>4. D. <\/strong>3.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 21.<\/strong> Cho 46,8 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p CuO v\u00e0 Fe3<\/sub>O4<\/sub> (t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 mol 1:1) tan h\u1ebft trong dung d\u1ecbch H2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub> lo\u00e3ng, v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch A. Cho m gam Mg v\u00e0o A, sau khi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch B. <\/strong>Th\u00eam dung d\u1ecbch KOH d\u01b0 v\u00e0o B \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a D. Nung D trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 45,0 gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn E. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb g<\/strong>\u1ea7n nh<\/strong>\u1ea5t<\/strong> c\u1ee7a m l\u00e0<\/p>\n A.<\/strong> 6,6. B. <\/strong>11,0. C. <\/strong>13,2. D. <\/strong>8,8.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 22.<\/strong> Ho\u00e0 tan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n 12,2 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p g\u1ed3m FeCl2<\/sub> v\u00e0 NaCl (c\u00f3 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 mol t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 1 : 2) v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch X. Cho dung d\u1ecbch AgNO3<\/sub> d\u01b0 v\u00e0o X, sau khi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m l\u00e0<\/p>\n A.<\/strong> 34,1. B. <\/strong>28,7. C. <\/strong>10,8. D. <\/strong>57,4.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 23.<\/strong> C\u00e1c nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t sau:<\/p>\n\n\n
\n C\u00e2u 8.<\/strong> Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 sai<\/strong>?<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n A.<\/strong> 2Na + 2H2<\/sub>O \u2192 2NaOH + H2<\/sub>.<\/td>\n <\/td>\n B.<\/strong> Ca + 2HCl \u2192 CaCl2<\/sub> + H2<\/sub>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n C.<\/strong> Fe + CuSO4<\/sub> \u2192 FeSO4<\/sub> + Cu.<\/td>\n <\/td>\n D.<\/strong> Cu + H2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub> \u2192 CuSO4<\/sub> + H2<\/sub>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \n