Trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ebf\n gi\u1edbi quan khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn khoa h\u1ecdc h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn. Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc l\u00e0\n m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cung c\u1ea5p cho ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eefng tri th\u1ee9c \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc ra \u0111\u1eddi t\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t \ntri\u1ec3n, trong \u0111\u00f3, Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc M\u00e1c \u2013 L\u00eanin l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cao nh\u1ea5t,\n ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u cho Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u21d2 \u0110\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u \nb\u1ed9 m\u00f4n khoa h\u1ecdc. Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n khoa h\u1ecdc \u1ea5y. Quy \nlu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c quy lu\u1eadt khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0ng \nbao qu\u00e1t h\u01a1n, l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 chung nh\u1ea5t, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u21d2 Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc chi ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c m\u00f4n khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00ean n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh TGQ,PPL\n c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng quy \nlu\u1eadt chung nh\u1ea5t, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, \nx\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00fd lu\u1eadn chung nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc: L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng quy lu\u1eadt chung nh\u1ea5t, \nph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \nx\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 t\u01b0 duy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn chung cho \nm\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
a. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n -Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n b.V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n – M\u1eb7t th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t : Gi\u1eefa v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t (t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean) v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c (t\u01b0 duy,\n tinh th\u1ea7n) c\u00e1i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 sau, c\u00e1i n\u00e0o quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1i n\u00e0o\n ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n – M\u1eb7t th\u1ee9 hai: Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch quan kh\u00f4ng ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n * D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \nph\u00e2n chia th\u00e0nh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan duy v\u1eadt hay th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan duy t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n – Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan duy v\u1eadt cho r\u1eb1ng: Gi\u1eefa v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c th\u00ec v\u1eadt \nch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1i c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00fd th\u1ee9c. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \nkh\u00e1ch quan, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng do ai s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0\n kh\u00f4ng ai ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a t\u1eeb lo\u00e0i v\u01b0\u1ee3n c\u1ed5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n – Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan duy t\u00e2m cho r\u1eb1ng: \u00fd th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1i c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \ns\u1ea3n sinh ra gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb ch\u00faa hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\n sinh ra nh\u01b0 truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft m\u1eb9 \u00c2u C\u01a1\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n *T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i:Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan duy v\u1eadt l\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan khoa h\u1ecdc. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p\n cho ch\u00fang ta quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00fd ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, l\u00e0m cho \ncu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n. C\u00f2n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan duy t\u00e2m l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 d\u1ef1a v\u1ec1\n l\u00fd lu\u1eadn cho c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi, k\u00ecm h\u00e3m s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \nl\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n c. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn si\u00eau h\u00ecnh<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n – Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p: L\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1eb7t ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n – Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0\n c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm \nt\u00f2i, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n – Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng: Xem x\u00e9t s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong s\u1ef1 \nr\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c l\u1eabn nhau gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang, trong s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng \nng\u1eebng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: C\u00e2y c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0 \n\u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n – Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn si\u00eau h\u00ecnh: Xem x\u00e9t s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \nphi\u1ebfn di\u1ec7n, ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00f4 l\u1eadp, kh\u00f4ng v\u1eadn \n\u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Ch\u1ec9 cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e2y mu\u1ed1n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t \ntri\u1ec3n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n 1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u21d2 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng cho ch\u00fang ta c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1ch quan v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \nv\u1eadt, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng; gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 tr\u00ean c\u01a1\n s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch quan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n – Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn chung nh\u1ea5t, bao qu\u00e1t c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 t\u01b0 duy l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u21d2 Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan duy v\u1eadt v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t h\u1eefu\n c\u01a1 v\u1edbi nhau: Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1i c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u00e9p bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng ph\u1ea3n \n\u00e1nh n\u00f3 c\u00f3 sau; th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t lu\u00f4n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo nh\u1eefng \nquy lu\u1eadt kh\u00e1ch quan. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan duy v\u1eadt v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn bi\u1ec7n \nch\u1ee9ng g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u1edbi nhau, kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi nhau. S\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \nch\u00fang ta trong t\u1eebng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, trong t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n -V\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan: Ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t ch\u00fang v\u1edbi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m duy v\u1eadt bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng.<\/ins><\/p>\n\n\n\n -V\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn: Ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t ch\u00fang v\u1edbi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng duy v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e2u 1:<\/strong> Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc ra \u0111\u1eddi t\u1eeb khi n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n\n\n\n A. Th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i. C. Cu\u1ed1i th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 trung \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B. Th\u1eddi trung \u0111\u1ea1i. D. Th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n<\/strong> : A<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e2u 2:<\/strong> Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch quan bao g\u1ed3m ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n A. Gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. C. T\u01b0 duy con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B. Gi\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. D. T\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean – X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i – T\u01b0 duy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n<\/strong>: D<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e2u 3:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n A. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. <\/p>\n\n\n\n B. S\u1ef1 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch quan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C. Khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. <\/p>\n\n\n\n D. Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n<\/strong>: B<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e2u 4:<\/strong> Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan duy v\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan duy t\u00e2m?<\/p>\n\n\n\n A. Th\u1eddi gian ra \u0111\u1eddi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n B. C\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C. Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. <\/p>\n\n\n\n D. Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1eb7t th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n<\/strong>: D<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e2u 5:<\/strong> Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ea5y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n?<\/p>\n\n\n\n A. 1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. B. 2 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. C. 3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. D. 4 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n<\/strong>: A<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e2u 6:<\/strong> C\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef n\u00e0o n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn quan \u0111i\u1ec3m duy t\u00e2m?<\/p>\n\n\n\n A. Kh\u00f4ng ai gi\u00e0u ba h\u1ecd, kh\u00f4ng ai kh\u00f3 ba \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B. S\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft c\u00f3 m\u1ec7nh, gi\u00e0u sang do tr\u1eddi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n C. Ph\u00fa qu\u00fd sinh l\u1ec5 ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n D. \u1ede hi\u1ec1n g\u1eb7p l\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n<\/strong>: B<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e2u 7:<\/strong> Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 sai?<\/p>\n\n\n\n A. Giai c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee7 phong ki\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m duy t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B. Giai c\u1ea5p c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0o c\u0169ng l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a duy t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb giai c\u1ea5p kia.<\/ins><\/p>\n\n\n\n C. Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a duy t\u00e2m l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n D. Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a duy t\u00e2m l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n<\/strong>: C<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e2u 8:<\/strong> C\u00e2u n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n A. R\u00fat d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1eebng. C. Con vua th\u00ec l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m vua. <\/p>\n\n\n\n B. Tre gi\u00e0 m\u0103ng m\u1ecdc. D. N\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y \u0111\u00e1 m\u00f2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n<\/strong>: C<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e2u 9:<\/strong> Em trai c\u1ee7a em lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc k\u00e9m. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3 em s\u1ebd l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n A. Kh\u00edch l\u1ec7, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 em ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9. \t C. M\u1eb7c k\u1ec7 n\u00f3. <\/ins><\/p>\n\n\n\n B. Sau khi ki\u1ec3m tra em c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang. D. C\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y cho em gi\u1ecfi h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n<\/strong>: D<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e2u 10:<\/strong> Khi em mang k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp cu\u1ed1i\n n\u0103m c\u1ee7a em v\u1ec1. B\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 em ch\u1ec9 la m\u1eafng em v\u00ec em b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u00e9m m\u00f4n To\u00e1n m\u00e0 \nho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khen ng\u1ee3i c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh t\u00edch trong m\u00f4n Th\u1ec3 \nd\u1ee5c. H\u1ecfi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n A. Duy t\u00e2m. B. Duy v\u1eadt. C. Bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng. D. Si\u00eau h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n<\/strong>: D<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, Tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m GDCD 10 B\u00e0i 1: Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan duy v\u1eadt v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng A. L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft I. Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n Trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn khoa h\u1ecdc h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn. Tri\u1ebft […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":43962,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1648],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n3. Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a duy v\u1eadt bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng – s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan duy v\u1eadt v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
B. Tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n