B\u00e0i 1 (trang 186 SGK H\u00f3a 11):<\/b><\/span>\u00a0Vi\u1ebft c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi t\u00ean c\u00e1c ancol \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed C5<\/sub>H12<\/sub>O?<\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n – C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi t\u00ean:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n B\u00e0i 2 (trang 186 SGK H\u00f3a 11):<\/b><\/span>\u00a0Vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng propan-1-ol v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i ch\u1ea5t sau:<\/p>\n a. Natri kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n b. CuO, \u0111un n\u00f3ng<\/p>\n c. Axit HBr, c\u00f3 x\u00fac t\u00e1c<\/p>\n Trong m\u1ed7i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00ean ancol gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 g\u00ec: ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed, ch\u1ea5t oxi ho\u00e1, axit, baz\u01a1? Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch.<\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n a) 2CH3<\/sub>-CH2<\/sub>-CH2<\/sub>OH + 2Na \u2192 2CH3<\/sub>-CH2<\/sub>-CH2<\/sub>ONa + H2<\/sub>\u2191<\/p>\n Ancol \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ea5t oxi h\u00f3a<\/p>\n b) CH3<\/sub>-CH2<\/sub>-CH2<\/sub>OH + CuO \u2192 CH3<\/sub>-CH2<\/sub>-CHO + Cu + H2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n Ancol \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed<\/p>\n c) CH3<\/sub>-CH2<\/sub>-CH2<\/sub>OH + HBr \u2192 CH3<\/sub>-CH2<\/sub>-CH2<\/sub>Br + H2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n Ancol \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 baz\u01a1<\/p>\n B\u00e0i 3 (trang 186 SGK H\u00f3a 11):<\/b>\u00a0<\/span>Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ef1ng trong c\u00e1c l\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n: etanol, glixerol, n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 benzen.<\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n <\/p>\n B\u00e0i 4 (trang 186 SGK H\u00f3a 11):<\/b>\u00a0T\u1eeb propen v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 c\u01a1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y: propan-2-ol (1); propan-1,2-\u0111iol (2). Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n <\/p>\n B\u00e0i 5 (trang 187 SGK H\u00f3a 11):<\/b>\u00a0<\/span>Cho 12,20 gam h\u1ed7 h\u1ee3p X g\u1ed3m etanol v\u00e0 propan-1-ol t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi Na (d\u01b0) thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2,80 lit kh\u00ed \u0111ktc.<\/p>\n a. T\u00ednh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ch\u1ea5t trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X?<\/p>\n b. Cho h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X qua \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1ng CuO, \u0111un n\u00f3ng. Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n a) G\u1ecdi s\u1ed1 mol c\u1ee7a etanol v\u00e0 propan-1-ol l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 x v\u00e0 y (mol)<\/p>\n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng:<\/p>\n b) Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng:<\/p>\n CH3<\/sub>-CH2<\/sub>OH + CuO –to<\/sup>\u2192 CH3<\/sub>-CHO + Cu + H2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n CH3<\/sub>-CH2<\/sub>-CH2<\/sub>OH + CuO –to<\/sup>\u2192 CH3<\/sub>-CH2<\/sub>-CHO + Cu + H2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n B\u00e0i 6 (trang 187 SGK H\u00f3a 11):<\/b>\u00a0<\/span>Oxi ho\u00e1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n 0,60(g) m\u1ed9t ancol A \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng oxi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u1eabn s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m qua b\u00ecnh 91 \u0111\u1ef1ng H2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub>\u00a0\u0111\u1eb7c r\u1ed3i d\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp qua b\u00ecnh (2) \u0111\u1ef1ng KOH. Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ecnh (1) t\u0103ng 0,72g; b\u00ecnh (2) t\u0103ng 1,32g.<\/p>\n a. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n b. T\u00ecm c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, vi\u1ebft c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a A.<\/p>\n c. Khi cho ancol tr\u00ean t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi CuO, \u0111un n\u00f3ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t an\u0111ehit t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. G\u1ecdi t\u00ean c\u1ee7a A?<\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n a.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n => nH2O<\/sub>\u00a0> nCO2<\/sub><\/p>\n => A l\u00e0 ancol no v\u00e0 theo \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00e0i l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ee9c<\/p>\n G\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a A l\u00e0 Cn<\/sub>H2n+2<\/sub>O (n \u2265 1)<\/p>\n <\/p>\n b. CTCT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a A l\u00e0:<\/p>\n CH3<\/sub>-CH2<\/sub>-CH2<\/sub>-OH, CH3<\/sub>-CH(OH)-CH3<\/sub><\/p>\n c. Khi cho A t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi CuO, \u0111un n\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t an\u0111ehit => A l\u00e0 Ancol b\u1eadc 1<\/p>\n => CTCT c\u1ee7a A l\u00e0: CH3<\/sub>-CH2<\/sub>-CH2<\/sub>-OH (propan-1-ol)<\/p>\n B\u00e0i 7 (trang 187 SGK H\u00f3a 11):<\/b><\/span>\u00a0T\u1eeb 1,00 t\u1ea5n tinh b\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9a 5,0% ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1 (Kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0u\u1ecdc bao nhi\u00eau lit etanol tinh khi\u1ebft, bi\u1ebft hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chung c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 80,0% v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a etanol l\u00e0 D = 0,789 g\/ml.<\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n (C6<\/sub>H10<\/sub>O5<\/sub>)n<\/sub>\u00a0+ nH2<\/sub>O \u2192 nC6<\/sub>H12<\/sub>O6<\/sub>\u00a0(1)<\/p>\n C6<\/sub>H12<\/sub>O6<\/sub>\u00a0\u2192 2C2<\/sub>H5<\/sub>OH + 2CO2<\/sub>\u00a0(2)<\/p>\n mx\u01a1<\/sub>\u00a0= 0,05.106<\/sup>\u00a0(g)<\/p>\n => Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tinh b\u1ed9t = 1.106<\/sup>\u00a0– 0,05.106<\/sup>\u00a0= 0,95.106<\/sup>\u00a0(g)<\/p>\n T\u1eeb (1) v\u00e0 (2) ta c\u00f3:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chung c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 80% n\u00e2n th\u1ec3 t\u00edch etanol th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n B\u00e0i 8 (trang 187 SGK H\u00f3a 11):<\/b>\u00a0Cho ancol<\/p>\n T\u00ean g\u1ecdi n\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5y \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ancol tr\u00ean?<\/p>\n A. 2-metylpentan-1-ol ; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B. 4-metylpentan-1-ol<\/p>\n C. 4-metylpentan-2-ol ; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D. 3-metylpentan-2-ol<\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n\u00a0B<\/b><\/p>\n B\u00e0i 9 (trang 187 SGK H\u00f3a 11):<\/b><\/span>\u00a0Cho 3,70gam m\u1ed9t ancol X no, \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ee9c, m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi Na d\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ea5y 0,56 lit kh\u00ed tho\u00e1t ra (\u1edf \u0111ktc). C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a X l\u00e0:<\/p>\n A. C2<\/sub>H6<\/sub>O ; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B. C3<\/sub>H10<\/sub>O<\/p>\n C. C4<\/sub>H10<\/sub>O ; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D. C4<\/sub>H8<\/sub>O<\/p>\n H\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n \u0111\u00fang<\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n – \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n\u00a0C<\/b><\/p>\n – Ta c\u00f3:<\/p>\n => MR<\/sub>\u00a0= 74 – 17 = 57<\/p>\n => 14n + 1 = 57 => n = 4<\/p>\n V\u1eady c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a X l\u00e0: C4<\/sub>H10<\/sub>O<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" B\u00e0i 1 (trang 186 SGK H\u00f3a 11):\u00a0Vi\u1ebft c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi t\u00ean c\u00e1c ancol \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed C5H12O? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: – C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi t\u00ean: B\u00e0i 2 (trang 186 SGK H\u00f3a 11):\u00a0Vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng propan-1-ol v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i ch\u1ea5t sau: a. Natri […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":32180,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1322],"tags":[1510,1512],"yoast_head":"\n