C\u00e2u 1 (trang 90 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 1):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n a, – Hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m cho v\u0103n h\u1ecdc tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thi ph\u00e1p v\u0103n h\u1ecdc trung \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t, \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n: quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m, c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn,\u2026 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n tr\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y nh\u1ea5t \u1edf h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n – Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a: X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n n\u1eeda phong ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a:<\/p>\n + X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n n\u1eeda phong ki\u1ebfn, c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i s\u00e2u s\u1eafc: xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c giai c\u1ea5p, t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n + \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y.<\/p>\n + L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu: T\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp tri th\u1ee9c T\u00e2y h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n + Ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef thay th\u1ebf cho ch\u1eef H\u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u1eef N\u00f4m.<\/p>\n + Ngh\u1ec1 in, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed, d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n + S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh v\u0103n h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n – Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc th\u1eddi k\u00ec n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra qua ba \u0111o\u1ea1n:<\/p>\n + Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1920).<\/p>\n + Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 hai (kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1920 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1930).<\/p>\n + Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 3 (kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1930 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1945).<\/p>\n Hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh. \u1ede hai gia \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u00f2n b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec1u r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 3 th\u00ec c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n b, V\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh theo hai b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u d\u00f2ng, v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u1edbi nhau, v\u1eeba b\u1ed5 sung cho nhau \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Do \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba, ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 chi ph\u1ed1i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX \u0111\u1ebfn C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh hai b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn: v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng khai v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng khai.<\/p>\n – B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng khai: l\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong v\u00f2ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n phong ki\u1ebfn. Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n. Ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u xu h\u01b0\u1edbng:<\/p>\n + Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n + Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n – B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn v\u0103n h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng khai l\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng b\u00ed m\u1eadt. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh d\u00f2ng ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n c, V\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX \u0111\u1ebfn C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n:<\/p>\n – S\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t m\u00e0 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Vi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n – S\u1ef1 th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c T\u00e2y h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n – S\u1ef1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i: V\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00fac n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, vi\u1ebft v\u0103n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 2 (trang 91 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 1):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n a,<\/p>\n – V\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 hai truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u1edbn: ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n – \u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3p m\u1edbi: tinh th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n Tinh th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn cho truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t m\u1edbi: quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ef1c kh\u1ed5, l\u1ea7m than. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u1eeb 1930 \u0111\u1ebfn 1945 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o \u00e1p b\u1ee9c b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u00e2u s\u1eafc kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ec1 cao v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy cao \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n b, Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 ph\u00f3ng s\u1ef1, l\u00ed lu\u1eadn ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh v\u0103n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i c\u0169 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft, th\u01a1. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t \u1edf th\u01a1 v\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n Ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft trung \u0111\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u01b0\u1eddng vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i, c\u1ed1t truy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Trung Qu\u1ed1c, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ed1t truy\u1ec7n li k\u00ec, h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u theo ki\u1ec3u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u00f3 h\u1eadu, truy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1eadt theo tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0 th\u1eddi gian; nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n tuy\u1ebfn r\u1ea1ch r\u00f2i, c\u00e2u v\u0103n theo l\u1ed1i bi\u1ec1n ng\u1eabu\u2026 Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft x\u00f3a b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean. Ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ea5y t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt trung t\u00e2m, ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u1ed1t truy\u1ec7n, \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt. Ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft tr\u1ea7n thu\u1eadt theo th\u1eddi gian t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 r\u1ea5t linh ho\u1ea1t, k\u1ebft th\u00fac th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1eadu, b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng \u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec7, d\u00f9ng b\u00fat ph\u00e1p t\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c, l\u1eddi v\u0103n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi l\u1eddi \u0103n ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y\u2026<\/p>\n Th\u01a1 m\u1edbi kh\u00e1c th\u01a1 trung \u0111\u1ea1i \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u00f3 ph\u00e1 b\u1ecf c\u00e1c quy ph\u1ea1m ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 trung \u0111\u1ea1i (v\u1ec1 ni\u00eam, lu\u1eadt, \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ed1, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec7\u2026) Th\u01a1 m\u1edbi l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i t\u00f4i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, t\u1ea1o v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n (trang 91 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 1):<\/b>\u00a0V\u00ec sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi …<\/p>\n Hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh. Trong hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 n\u00edu k\u00e9o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i c\u0169. V\u00ec v\u1eady, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1900 \u0111\u1ebfn 1930 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n\u00a0v\u0103n h\u1ecdc giao th\u1eddi.<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" C\u00e2u 1 (trang 90 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 1): a, – Hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m cho v\u0103n h\u1ecdc tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thi ph\u00e1p v\u0103n h\u1ecdc trung \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1316],"tags":[1453,1508,1455],"yoast_head":"\nLuy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp<\/h2>\n