C\u00e2u 1 (trang 204 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 1):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n * V\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh theo hai b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u d\u00f2ng, v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u1edbi nhau, v\u1eeba b\u1ed5 sung cho nhau \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Do \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba, ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 chi ph\u1ed1i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX \u0111\u1ebfn C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh hai b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn: v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng khai v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng khai.<\/p>\n – B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng khai: l\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong v\u00f2ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n phong ki\u1ebfn. Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n. Ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u xu h\u01b0\u1edbng:<\/p>\n + Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n + Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n – B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn v\u0103n h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng khai l\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng b\u00ed m\u1eadt. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh d\u00f2ng ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n * V\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX \u0111\u1ebfn C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n:<\/p>\n – S\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t m\u00e0 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Vi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n – S\u1ef1 th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c T\u00e2y h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n – S\u1ef1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i: V\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00fac n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, vi\u1ebft v\u0103n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 2 (trang 204 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 1):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n a. So s\u00e1nh ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft trung \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n – Ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft trung \u0111\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t nam th\u01b0\u1eddng vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i, c\u1ed1t truy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Trung Qu\u1ed1c; t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ed1t truy\u1ec7n li k\u00ec, h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn; k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u theo ki\u1ec3u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c; k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u00f3 h\u1eadu; truy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea7n thu\u1eadt theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 th\u1eddi gian; nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n tuy\u1ebft r\u1ea1ch r\u00f2i; c\u00e2u v\u0103n theo l\u1ed1i bi\u1ec1n ng\u1eabu…<\/p>\n – Ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng theo nh\u1eefng l\u1ed1i m\u00f2n c\u0169. Ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ea5y t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m, ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u1ed1t truy\u1ec7n, \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt. Ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft tr\u1ea7n thu\u1eadt theo th\u1eddi gian t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 r\u1ea5t linh ho\u1ea1t; k\u1ebft th\u00fac th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1eadu; b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng \u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec7, d\u00f9ng b\u00fat ph\u00e1p t\u1eed th\u1ef1c; l\u1eddi v\u0103n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n b. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1930, ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef ch\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u. H\u1ed3 Bi\u1ec3u Ch\u00e1nh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u00ean l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u1eafc h\u1ecda cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01a1i v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t Nam B\u1ed9. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Bi\u1ec3u Ch\u00e1nh c\u00f2n m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u1ed1t truy\u1ec7n t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng trung \u0111\u1ea1i, ch\u01b0a tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed3i, c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u00f3 h\u1eadu, nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t minh h\u1ecda cho nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c… C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 trong ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft\u00a0Cha con ngh\u0129a n\u1eb7ng<\/i>\u00a0c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 3 (trang 204 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 1):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n – T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec7n trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m\u00a0Vi h\u00e0nh<\/i>\u00a0c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4i trai g\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p trong chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1ea7m: nh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi An Nam (nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt t\u00f4i) v\u00e0 cho \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Kh\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ecbnh. Nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn m\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh Kh\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 v\u1eeba r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ch quan l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n – T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec7n trong\u00a0Tinh th\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c<\/i>\u00a0c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n C\u00f4ng Hoan l\u00e0 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn tr\u00e0o ph\u00fang gi\u1eefa ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n phong ki\u1ebfn v\u1edbi mong \u01b0\u1edbc xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c \u0111i c\u1ed5 v\u0169 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch ch\u1ea1y ch\u1ecdt \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf nh\u00e0, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch tr\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh. Tr\u00ean c\u1edf s\u1edf nh\u1eefng m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed7i c\u1ea3nh t\u00ecnh ri\u00eang l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n – Trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec7n\u00a0Ch\u1eef ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eed t\u00f9,<\/i>\u00a0Nguy\u1ec5n Tu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o: Cu\u1ed9c k\u00ec ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a hai con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/p>\n + Vi\u00ean qu\u1ea3n ng\u1ee5c \u2013 k\u1ebb \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00e1t khao c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p, say m\u00ea c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p.<\/p>\n + Hu\u1ea5n Cao \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eed t\u00f9 c\u00f3 t\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef \u0111\u1eb9p, ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh phong ki\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p.<\/p>\n \u2192 X\u00e9t tr\u00ean b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i: H\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n \u2192 X\u00e9t tr\u00ean b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt: H\u1ecd l\u00e0 tri \u00e2m, tri k\u1ec9, y\u00eau c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p.<\/p>\n => T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o, h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn: M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u00e9o le, \u0111\u1ea7y tr\u1edb tr\u00eau gi\u1eefa hai con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tri \u00e2m, tri k\u1ec9.<\/p>\n – T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec7n trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m\u00a0Ch\u00ed Ph\u00e8o<\/i>\u00a0c\u1ee7a Nam Cao l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng bi k\u1ecbch th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn gi\u1eefa kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng s\u1ed1ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ec7n, kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ecb c\u1ef1 tuy\u1ec7t quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 4 (trang 204 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 1):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n * \u0110\u1eb7c s\u1eafc ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt trong truy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn\u00a0Hai \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb<\/i>\u00a0c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea1ch Lam:<\/p>\n – C\u1ed1t truy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt \u1edf nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y, c\u1ea3m x\u00fac mong manh, m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 trong t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n – Mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 tinh t\u1ebf s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n – B\u00fat ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp: v\u1eeba \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3ng ph\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n – L\u1ed1i k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n th\u1ee7 th\u1ec9, t\u00e2m t\u00ecnh, th\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ee3m ch\u1ea5t th\u01a1 tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh s\u00e2u s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n * \u0110\u1eb7c s\u1eafc ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt trong truy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn\u00a0Ch\u1eef ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eed t\u00f9<\/i>\u00a0c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Tu\u00e2n:<\/p>\n – Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt: nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1eb1ng b\u00fat ph\u00e1p l\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00f3a c\u1ea3m c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n – C\u1ea3nh trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1eb1ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n, l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp gay g\u1eaft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 c\u00e1i x\u1ea5u, c\u00e1i \u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1i thi\u1ec7n, t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n – Trong truy\u1ec7n \u0111o\u1ea1n mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed thi\u00eang li\u00eang, c\u1ed5 k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3nh cho ch\u1eef. \u0110o\u1ea1n v\u0103n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00e0i n\u0103ng s\u1eafc s\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Tu\u00e2n trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u00eau luy\u1ec7n, gi\u00e0u t\u00ednh t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u00fat ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp trong t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n * \u0110\u1eb7c s\u1eafc ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt trong truy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn\u00a0Ch\u00ed Ph\u00e8o<\/i>\u00a0c\u1ee7a Nam Cao: Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m r\u1ea5t s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u1eeba \u0111i\u00eau luy\u1ec7n, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, v\u1eeba r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi l\u1eddi \u0103n ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. Gi\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111an xen l\u1eabn nhau. C\u00e1ch tr\u1ea7n thu\u1eadt c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t linh ho\u1ea1t. Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c vai, chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb vai n\u00e0y sang vai kh\u00e1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, linh ho\u1ea1t, g\u00e2y h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc. L\u00fac th\u00ec tr\u1ea7n thu\u1eadt theo \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, l\u00fac th\u00ec tr\u1ea7n thu\u1eadt theo \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt Ch\u00ed Ph\u00e8o, khi l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea7n thu\u1eadt theo \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb N\u1edf, b\u00e1 Ki\u1ebfn… Qua \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean gi\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec7u \u0111an xen \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 5 (trang 204 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 1):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n * Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt tr\u00e0o ph\u00fang \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc trong \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch\u00a0H\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t tang gia:<\/i><\/p>\n – Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n r\u1ed3i m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n – Khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp nh\u01b0ng c\u00f9ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng c\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n – Gi\u1ecdng v\u0103n m\u1ec9a mai, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ee7 ph\u00e1p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7u, n\u00f3i qu\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n – Ng\u00f2i b\u00fat mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 s\u1eafc s\u1ea3o: Nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt trong \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch.<\/p>\n * S\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecf l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a V\u0169 tr\u1ecdng Ph\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u0103n xu\u00f4i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi c\u00f3 ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef. Th\u00f4ng qua t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, nh\u00e0 v\u0103n \u0111\u1ea3 k\u00edch s\u00e2u cay x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y theo l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng nh\u1ed1 nh\u0103ng, \u0111\u1ed3i b\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 6 (trang 204 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 1):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n – M\u00e2u thu\u1eabn th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn gi\u1eefa nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n kh\u1ed1n kh\u1ed5, l\u1ea7m than v\u1edbi b\u1ecdn h\u00f4n qu\u00e2n b\u1ea1o t\u00e0n c\u00f9ng phe c\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. B\u1ea1o ch\u00faa L\u00ea T\u01b0\u01a1ng D\u1ef1c b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft; \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0169 t\u1ef1 s\u00e1t; \u0111\u00e1m cung n\u1eef b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb n\u1ed5i lo\u1ea1n nh\u1ee5c m\u1ea1, b\u1eaft b\u1edb.<\/p>\n => V\u0169 Nh\u01b0 T\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn.<\/p>\n – M\u00e2u thu\u1eabn th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn gi\u1eefa quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt cao si\u00eau, thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay c\u1ee7a mu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong h\u1ed3i cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a v\u1edf k\u1ecbch \u1edf vi\u1ec7c V\u0169 Nh\u01b0 T\u00f4 cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac ch\u1ebft v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u1eabn \u0111inh ninh l\u00e0 m\u00ecnh v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i. \u00d4ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda L\u00ea T\u01b0\u01a1ng D\u1ef1c nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u1ee3n uy quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a h\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ho\u00e0i b\u00e3o v\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 v\u00ec th\u1ebf v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh g\u00e2y n\u00ean n\u1ed7i kh\u1ed5 cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. => C\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a V\u0169 Nh\u01b0 T\u00f4 trong \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 khi l\u00e0m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 7 (trang 204 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 1):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n Trong \u0110\u1eddi th\u1eeba Nam Cao ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u:\u00a0\u201cV\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 kh\u00e9o tay, l\u00e0m theo m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ki\u1ec3u m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0a cho. V\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ec9 dung n\u1ea1p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e0o s\u00e2u, bi\u1ebft t\u00ecm t\u00f2i, bi\u1ebft kh\u01a1i nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n ch\u01b0a ai kh\u01a1i v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u01b0a c\u00f3\u201d.<\/i><\/p>\n \u00dd ki\u1ebfn n\u00eau tr\u00ean kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ph\u1ea3i s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, t\u00ecm t\u00f2i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00fang, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh theo nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t kh\u00e1c nhau. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, Nam Cao \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, h\u00e0m x\u00fac v\u00e0 gi\u00e0u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh. Soi t\u1ecf v\u00e0o c\u00e1c s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Nam Cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Trong c\u00e1c s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Nam Cao tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m \u1edf \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1edbi m\u1ebb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c, b\u1edfi tr\u01b0\u1edbc Nam Cao \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 Ng\u00f4 T\u1ea5t T\u1ed1, Nguy\u1ec5n C\u00f4ng Hoan… Nh\u01b0ng Nam Cao kh\u00f4ng \u0111i l\u1ea1i l\u1ed1i m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1 ph\u00e1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb tha h\u00f3a, b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e8 n\u00e9n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng t\u00ean l\u01b0u manh h\u00f3a. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n sinh.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 8 (trang 204 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 1):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n – T\u00ecnh y\u00eau c\u1ee7a R\u00f4 – m\u00ea – \u00f4 v\u00e0 Giu – li – \u00e9t di\u1ec5n ra trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh hai d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i h\u1eadn th\u00f9 truy\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfp. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u1eadn th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a hai d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh trong l\u1eddi tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a R\u00f4-m\u00ea – \u00f4 ba l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 Giu – li – \u00e9t n\u0103m l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n – N\u1ed7i \u00e1m \u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 h\u1eadn th\u00f9 gi\u1eefa hai d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Giu – li – et nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a R\u00f4 – m\u00ea – \u00f4 th\u00ec quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t h\u01a1n, v\u00ec t\u00ecnh y\u00eau ch\u00e0ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng t\u1eeb b\u1ecf c\u1ea3 d\u00f2ng h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi Giu – li – et.<\/p>\n – C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 h\u1eadn th\u00f9 nh\u01b0ng t\u00ecnh y\u00eau c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1eadn th\u00f9 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f9ng mu\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ef1 h\u1eadn th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" C\u00e2u 1 (trang 204 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 1): * V\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh theo hai b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u d\u00f2ng, v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u1edbi nhau, v\u1eeba b\u1ed5 sung cho nhau \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Do \u0111\u1eb7c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1316],"tags":[1453,1504],"yoast_head":"\n