I. V\u1ec1 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/h2>\n

1. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/b><\/p>\n

Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh (1872 \u2013 1926),t\u1ef1 T\u1eed C\u00e1n, hi\u1ec7u T\u00e2y H\u1ed3, bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u Hi M\u00e3, qu\u00ea \u1edf l\u00e0ng T\u00e2y L\u1ed9c, huy\u1ec7n Ti\u00ean Ph\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u1ee7 Nam K\u00ec (nay l\u00e0 th\u00f4n T\u00e2y H\u1ed3, x\u00e3 Tam L\u1ed9c, huy\u1ec7n Ph\u00fa Ninh, t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam).<\/p>\n

Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c d\u00f9ng v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. Nh\u1eefng \u00e1ng v\u0103n ch\u00ednh lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eadm t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f9ng bi\u1ec7n, l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, \u0111anh th\u00e9p; nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng d\u1ea1t d\u00e0o c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o; t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u00ednh:\u00a0\u0110\u1ea7u Ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u01b0<\/i>\u00a0(1906),\u00a0T\u1ec9nh h\u1ed3n ca I, II<\/i>\u00a0(1907, 1922),\u00a0T\u00e2y H\u1ed3 thi t\u1eadp<\/i>\u00a0(1904 \u2013 1914)…<\/p>\n

2. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/b><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 lu\u00e2n l\u00ed x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111oan tr\u00edch trong ph\u1ea7n ba c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i \u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 lu\u00e2n l\u00ed \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y (g\u1ed3m n\u0103m ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0o \u0111\u00eam 19 \u2013 11 \u2013 1925 t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 H\u1ed9i Thanh ni\u00ean \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n (nay l\u00e0 Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh). T\u00ean b\u00e0i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 trong \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch do ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n

II. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn so\u1ea1n b\u00e0i<\/h2>\n

C\u00e2u 1 (trang 88 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 2):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

* \u0110o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch g\u1ed3m ba ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n

– Ph\u1ea7n 1: \u1ede n\u01b0\u1edbc ta ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 lu\u00e2n l\u00ed x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m g\u00ec v\u1ec1 lu\u00e2n l\u00ed x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. – Ph\u1ea7n 2: So s\u00e1nh lu\u00e2n l\u00ed x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (Ph\u00e1p) v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ta.<\/p>\n

– Ph\u1ea7n 3: Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

=> Ba ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi nhau theo m\u1ea1ch di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i: hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng chung – bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 – gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

* Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch: c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u00ec s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 2 (trang 88 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 2):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch:<\/p>\n

– D\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh:\u00a0\u201cX\u00e3 h\u1ed9i lu\u00e2n l\u00ed th\u1eadt trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ta tuy\u1ec7t nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn, so v\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c gia lu\u00e2n l\u00ed th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00ecnh c\u00f2n d\u1ed1t n\u00e1t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u\u201d.<\/i><\/p>\n

– T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f2n ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn, xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh:\u00a0\u201cM\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng b\u00e8 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i lu\u00e2n l\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, cho n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u1eaft ngh\u0129a l\u00e0m g\u00ec\u201d.<\/i><\/p>\n

\u2192 C\u00e1ch v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn, b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 Nho uy\u00ean b\u00e1c th\u1ee9c th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 3 (trang 88 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 2):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

Lu\u00e2n l\u00ed XH \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta<\/td>\n

Lu\u00e2n l\u00ed XH b\u00ean ch\u00e2u \u00c2u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

– Kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u, ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u, ch\u1eb3ng bi\u1ebft g\u00ec (th\u1edd \u01a1, t\u00ea li\u1ec7t)<\/p>\n – D\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng: Ph\u1ea3i ai n\u1ea5y hay, ai ch\u1ebft m\u1eb7c ai, ch\u00e1y nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng\u00e0 \u1ea5y r\u1ea1ng, ch\u1ec9 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 y\u00ean \u1ed5n c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh, b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng c\u0169ng cho qua.<\/p>\n – Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh thi\u1ebfu \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3.<\/td>\n

– R\u1ea5t th\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/p>\n – D\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng: khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n th\u1ebf, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1eady quy\u1ec1n th\u1ebf, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e8 n\u00e9n, \u00e1p b\u1ee9c quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n hay \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n – Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: C\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c chung, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1, t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a nhau.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n C\u00e2u 4 (trang 88 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 2):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n * Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng\u00a0\u201cd\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ecdng c\u00f4ng \u00edch\u201d:<\/i><\/p>\n – Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft t\u1eeb xa x\u01b0a.<\/p>\n + S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef, t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef: nhi\u1ec1u tay v\u1ed7 n\u00ean b\u1ed9p, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ebb \u0111\u0169a c\u1ea3 n\u1eafm, g\u00f3p gi\u00f3 l\u00e0m b\u00e3o, gi\u1ee5m c\u00e2y l\u00e0m r\u1eebng \u2192 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe.<\/p>\n – Ng\u00e0y nay tr\u01a1 tr\u1ecdi. l\u01a1 l\u00e1o, s\u1ee3 s\u1ec7t:<\/p>\n + B\u1ecdn h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh ham quy\u1ec1n t\u01b0\u1edbc, ham b\u1ea3 vinh hoa c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u vua m\u00e0 sinh ra gi\u1ea3 d\u1ed1i, n\u1ecbnh h\u00f3t, ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 nh\u00e0 vua m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 d\u00e2n. \u2192 Mu\u1ed1n gi\u1eef t\u00fai tham m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7y m\u00e3i, \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eefng m\u00e3i b\u00e8n thi\u1ebft ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, ph\u00e1 tan t\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n + G\u1ecdi \u0111\u00edch danh: k\u1ebb mang \u0111ai \u0111\u1ed9i m\u0169 ng\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1edfng ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean, k\u1ebb \u00e1o r\u1ed9ng kh\u0103n \u0111en l\u1ee9c nh\u1ee9c l\u1ea1y d\u01b0\u1edbi…<\/p>\n + T\u1ed9i tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang: k\u1ebft b\u00e8 \u0111\u1ea3ng, c\u1eady quy\u1ec1n th\u1ebf, tham nh\u0169ng, v\u01a1 v\u00e9t c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n…<\/p>\n + T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh g\u1ee3i t\u1ea3, l\u1ed1i so s\u00e1nh v\u00ed von, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e2u tr\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7p:\u00a0\u201cD\u00e2n kh\u00f4n m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9! D\u00e2n ngu m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9! D\u00e2n h\u1ea1i m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9! D\u00e2n c\u00e0ng n\u00f4 l\u1ec7, ng\u00f4i vua c\u00e0ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, b\u1ecdn quan l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng qu\u00fd qu\u00fd!\u201d \u2192 T\u00ednh h\u00f9ng bi\u1ec7n, \u0111anh th\u00e9p c\u1ee7a l\u1eddi v\u0103n di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft.<\/i><\/p>\n => Th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tinh th\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3n phong m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u1eeba ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc, v\u1eeba \u0111au l\u00f2ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 s\u1ef1 h\u00e8n k\u00e9m c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n m\u00ecnh, n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh \u2192 K\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o b\u00e0y t\u1ecf t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 5 (trang 88 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 2):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n B\u00e0i v\u0103n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 bi\u1ec3u c\u1ea3m:<\/p>\n – Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn: c\u00e1ch lu\u1eadn l\u1eadp ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, logic, n\u00eau d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, gi\u1ecdng v\u0103n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, h\u00f9ng h\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n – Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 bi\u1ec3u c\u1ea3m: c\u00e2u c\u1ea3m th\u00e1n, c\u00e2u m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, nh\u1eefng c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9a t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o, t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c s\u00e2u n\u1eb7ng, th\u1eafm thi\u1ebft, l\u1eddi v\u0103n nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, t\u1eeb t\u1ed1n \u2192 t\u0103ng th\u00eam s\u1ee9c thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c, lay chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe.<\/p>\n Luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp<\/h2>\n C\u00e2u 1 (trang 88 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 2):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n T\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh khi vi\u1ebft \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch: c\u0103m gh\u00e9t b\u1ecdn quan l\u1ea1i phong ki\u1ebfn, th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o, lo l\u1eafng cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, hi v\u1ecdng v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 2 (trang 88 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 2):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n T\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a Phan Ch\u00e2uTrinh qua \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng qua \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch:<\/p>\n – \u0110au \u0111\u00e1u v\u00ec d\u00e2n v\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc, x\u00f3t th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u0103m gi\u1eadn, ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n v\u00e0 th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n – T\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, xa r\u1ed9ng: k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng XHCN, g\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 3 (trang 88 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 2):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n \u00dd ngh\u0129a th\u1eddi s\u1ef1 trong ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh:<\/p>\n – V\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1eddi s\u1ef1 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n – Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, ch\u1ed1ng tham nh\u0169ng, ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c, v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao tinh th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, c\u00f4ng khai, \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" I. V\u1ec1 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m 1. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh (1872 \u2013 1926),t\u1ef1 T\u1eed C\u00e1n, hi\u1ec7u T\u00e2y H\u1ed3, bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u Hi M\u00e3, qu\u00ea \u1edf l\u00e0ng T\u00e2y L\u1ed9c, huy\u1ec7n Ti\u00ean Ph\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u1ee7 Nam K\u00ec (nay l\u00e0 th\u00f4n T\u00e2y H\u1ed3, x\u00e3 Tam L\u1ed9c, huy\u1ec7n Ph\u00fa Ninh, t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam). Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 \u00fd […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1316],"tags":[1451,1506],"yoast_head":"\n