C\u00e2u 1 (trang 111 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 2):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

* \u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a K\u1ecbch:<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u1ee7a k\u1ecbch l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn xung \u0111\u1ed9t trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

– Xung \u0111\u1ed9t k\u1ecbch c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, t\u1ea1o t\u00ednh k\u1ecbch, h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n

– H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng: k\u1ecbch do nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt k\u1ecbch th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n xung \u0111\u1ed9t k\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n

– Nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt k\u1ecbch: (ch\u00ednh, ph\u1ee5, ph\u1ea3n di\u1ec7n, ch\u00ednh di\u1ec7n…) b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch, xung \u0111\u1ed9t k\u1ecbch, qua \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a v\u1edf k\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n

– C\u1ed1t truy\u1ec7n k\u1ecbch: ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo xung \u0111\u1ed9t k\u1ecbch, qua c\u00e1c gia \u0111o\u1ea1n: m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u \u2013 th\u1eaft n\u00fat – ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u2013 \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec3m \u2013 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

– Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef k\u1ecbch: th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong l\u1eddi tho\u1ea1i, mang t\u00ednh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u ng\u1eef: \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c tho\u1ea1i, l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

– B\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c k\u1ecbch: M\u1ed9t v\u1edf k\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0n (h\u1ed3i) kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed7i m\u00e0n (h\u1ed3i) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp (h\u1ed3i) kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

* Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i k\u1ecbch:<\/p>\n

– C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o t\u00ednh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng hay hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i: k\u1ecbch d\u00e2n gian (ch\u00e8o, tu\u1ed3ng, c\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u01a1ng…), k\u1ecbch c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n (tr\u01b0\u1edbc XX), k\u1ecbch hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i (XX)<\/p>\n

– C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t: bi k\u1ecbch, h\u00e0i k\u1ecbch, ch\u00ednh k\u1ecbch (xung \u0111\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng), k\u1ecbch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>\n

– C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o v\u00e0o ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t: k\u1ecbch n\u00f3i, k\u1ecbch h\u00e1t m\u00faa, k\u1ecbch th\u01a1, k\u1ecbch r\u1ed1i k\u1ecbch c\u00e2m,…<\/p>\n

* Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc:<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ecdc k\u0129 ph\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u, ti\u1ec3u d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n

– T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o l\u1eddi tho\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecdng k\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n

– Kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch v\u00e0 to\u00e0n v\u1edf k\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 2 (trang 111 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 2):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

* \u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a v\u0103n ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn:<\/p>\n

– Ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i v\u0103n h\u1ecdc d\u00f9ng l\u00ed l\u1ebd, ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n, ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 (x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc,…) nh\u1eb1m tranh lu\u1eadn, thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c, b\u00e1c b\u1ecf, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn.. gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00eau ra.<\/p>\n

– V\u0103n ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m, t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1c, ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd.<\/p>\n

– Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef trong v\u0103n ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, gi\u00e0u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 s\u1eafc th\u00e1i bi\u1ec3u c\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n

* C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn:<\/p>\n

– C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n: Ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn d\u00e2n gian (t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef<\/i>), ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn trung \u0111\u1ea1i (chi\u1ebfu, h\u1ecbch, c\u00e1o,…<\/i>) ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i (tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n, l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi, x\u00e3 lu\u1eadn, ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh…<\/i>)<\/p>\n

– C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn: Ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u2013 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb (ch\u00ednh lu\u1eadn<\/i>), ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn v\u0103n h\u1ecdc (ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, b\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3ng, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch…<\/i>).<\/p>\n

* Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc v\u0103n ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn:<\/p>\n

– T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00e2n th\u1ebf t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh ra \u0111\u1eddi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n

– T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9, c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

– T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

Luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp<\/h2>\n

C\u00e2u 1 (trang 111 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 2):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong v\u1edf k\u1ecbch R\u00f4 – m\u00ea – \u00f4 v\u00e0 Giu – li – \u00e9t, xung \u0111\u1ed9t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 xung \u0111\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa t\u00ecnh y\u00eau v\u00e0 th\u00f9 h\u1eadn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch n\u00e0y, th\u00f9 h\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf t\u00ecnh y\u00eau. Th\u00f9 h\u1eadn ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec7n ra qua suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 chi ph\u1ed1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 2 (trang 111 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 2):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt trong v\u0103n b\u1ea3n\u00a0Ba c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a C\u00e1c M\u00e1c:<\/i><\/p>\n

– C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, m\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1c: g\u1ed3m 7 \u0111o\u1ea1n, ph\u00e0n m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ed3m hai \u0111o\u1ea1n (\u0111o\u1ea1n 1 v\u00e0 2), n\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1n \u0111o\u1ea1n (3, 4,5,6), k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn g\u1ed3m \u0111o\u1ea1n 7 v\u00e0 c\u00e2u cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

– Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt so s\u00e1nh t\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn: n\u1ed9i dung \u0111o\u1ea1n sau c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao h\u01a1n \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p>\n

+ Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ebf th\u00f4i (C\u00e1c M\u00e1c c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0)<\/p>\n

+ Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea5y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf C\u00e1c M\u00e1c (tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft c\u00e1c M\u00e1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng…)<\/p>\n

\u2192 T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng: N\u00f3i l\u00ean t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a C\u00e1c M\u00e1c: l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u0129 nh\u00e2n, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec9nh cao c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00e2u 1 (trang 111 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 11 T\u1eadp 2): * \u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a K\u1ecbch: – \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u1ee7a k\u1ecbch l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn xung \u0111\u1ed9t trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. – Xung \u0111\u1ed9t k\u1ecbch c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, t\u1ea1o t\u00ednh k\u1ecbch, h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n. – H\u00e0nh […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1316],"tags":[1451,1505],"yoast_head":"\n