Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi\u00a0in nghi\u00eang<\/i>\u00a0gi\u1eefa b\u00e0i<\/b><\/p>\n
(trang 5 sgk L\u1ecbch S\u1eed 11):<\/b>\u00a0–\u00a0T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XIX \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1868 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u00ec n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt?<\/i><\/p>\n
Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/b><\/p>\n
Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc Ch\u00e2u \u00c1.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XIX ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 M\u1ea1c ph\u1ee7 \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n (S\u00f4- gun) l\u00e0m v\u00e0o kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng suy y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n
* V\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf:<\/p>\n
– N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eabn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t phong ki\u1ebfn l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu. \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ee7 b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ea5t m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f3i k\u00e9m li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n
– C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p :\u1edf c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb, h\u1ea3i c\u1ea3ng, kinh t\u1ebf h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n
– Nh\u1eefng m\u1ea7m m\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n
* V\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i:<\/p>\n
– T\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p ra \u0111\u1eddi t\u1eeb l\u00e2u, t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gi\u1ea7u c\u00f3.<\/p>\n
– C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n
– Giai c\u1ea5p t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c xo\u00e1 b\u1ecf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 phong ki\u1ebfn, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a giai c\u1ea5p phong ki\u1ebfn, c\u00f2n th\u1ecb d\u00e2n th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb phong ki\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf m\u00e0 c\u00f2n b\u1ecb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 bu\u00f4n v\u00e0 b\u1ecdn cho vay l\u00e3i b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n
* V\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb:<\/p>\n
– \u0110\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XIX, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u1eabn l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia phong ki\u1ebfn. Nh\u00e0 vua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n l\u00e0 Thi\u00ean ho\u00e0ng, c\u00f3 v\u1ecb t\u1ed1i cao nh\u01b0ng quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 T\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n.<\/p>\n
– Gi\u1eefa l\u00fac m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn giai c\u1ea5p trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gay g\u1eaft, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 M\u1ea1c Ph\u1ee7 kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng th\u00ec c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean l\u00e0 M\u0129, d\u00f9ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f2i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i \u201cm\u1edf c\u1eeda\u201d\u0094.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t:<\/p>\n
Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XIX, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e2m v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn: ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ec tr\u1ec7, b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c x\u00e2u x\u00e9; ho\u1eb7c canh t\u00e2n, c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch xo\u00e1 b\u1ecf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 phong ki\u1ebfn, \u0111\u01b0a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ho\u00e0 nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y.<\/p>\n
(trang 6 sgk L\u1ecbch S\u1eed 11):<\/b>\u00a0–\u00a0Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y n\u1ed9i dung c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c Duy t\u00e2n Minh Tr\u1ecb<\/i><\/p>\n
Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/b><\/p>\n Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 867 \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1868, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 M\u1ea1c ph\u1ee7 b\u1ecb s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5. Thi\u00ean ho\u00e0ng Minh Tr\u1ecb sau khi l\u00ean ng\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u2013 Cu\u1ed9c Duy t\u00e2n Minh Tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n:<\/p>\n – Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb: x\u00e1c l\u1eadp quy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c, t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n ; ban h\u00e0nh Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p n\u0103m 1889, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 l\u1eadp hi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n – V\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf : th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1, c\u1ea7u c\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n – V\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 : t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n – V\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c : thi h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c, ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng n\u1ed9i dung khoa h\u1ecdc – k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, c\u1eed h\u1ecdc sinh \u01b0u t\u00fa du h\u1ecdc \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y.<\/p>\n \u2192 Cu\u1ed9c Duy t\u00e2n Minh Tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t qu\u1ed1c gia Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, \u0111\u01b0a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng TBCN. Cu\u1ed9c Duy T\u00e2n Minh Tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n (trang 6 sgk L\u1ecbch S\u1eed 11):<\/b>\u00a0–\u00a0\u00dd ngh\u0129a n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c Duy t\u00e2n Minh Tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/i><\/p>\n Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/b>Cu\u1ed9c Duy t\u00e2n Minh Tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt.<\/p>\n – Trong n\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p>\n \u2022 T\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n. Sau cu\u1ed9c Duy t\u00e2n Minh Tr\u1ecb, Nh\u1eadt t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc phong ki\u1ebfn \u0111i l\u00ean ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng TBCN.<\/p>\n \u2022 T\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n, \u0111\u01b0a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1, m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c duy nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Ch\u00e2u \u00c1.<\/p>\n \u2022 L\u00e0m cho n\u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u1eadt tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn b\u1ecb x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n \u2022 Cu\u1ed9c Duy t\u00e2n Minh Tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng T\u01b0 s\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3, di\u1ec5n ra d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n – Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf:<\/p>\n \u2022 Cu\u1ed9c Duy t\u00e2n Minh Tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc trong khu v\u1ef1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng canh t\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c(Khang H\u1eefu Vi, L\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u1ea3i Si\u00eau,\u2026); \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam(Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u,\u2026) t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi.<\/p>\n (trang 8 sgk L\u1ecbch S\u1eed 11):<\/b>\u00a0–\u00a0Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XIX, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n sang giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a?<\/i><\/p>\n Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/b><\/p>\n C\u00f3 hai s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh : S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh tranh gi\u00e0nh l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n \u2022 Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t: s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n chi ph\u1ed1i n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0: Mitxui, Mitxubishi …Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0: ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n t\u1ef1 do c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n. Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m chung nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i quy lu\u1eadt chung \u1ea5y<\/p>\n \u2022 Th\u1ee9 hai: Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c qua hai cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Trung – Nh\u1eadt (1894), Nga – Nh\u1eadt (1904-1905).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi (trang 8)<\/b><\/p>\n C\u00e2u 1 (trang 8 sgk S\u1eed 11):<\/b>T\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3i Cu\u1ed9c Duy t\u00e2n Minh Tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n ?<\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n – L\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n + M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch : l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a giai c\u1ea5p phong ki\u1ebfn, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n chuy\u00ean ch\u00ednh t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n + L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o : giai c\u1ea5p t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n + \u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng : \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n + K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, \u00fd ngh\u0129a : n\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a giai c\u1ea5p t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd.<\/p>\n – T\u00ecm nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c Duy t\u00e2n Minh Tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 2 (trang 8 sgk S\u1eed 11):<\/b>D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 (h\u00ecnh 3), tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XIX-\u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX.<\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n \u0110\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XIX, sau h\u01a1n 200 n\u0103m th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 M\u1ea1c ph\u1ee7 T\u00f4-ku-ga-oa \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 S\u00f4gun (T\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n), \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e2m v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng, suy y\u1ebfu nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u00ec trong l\u00f2ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i phong ki\u1ebf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n V\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf, n\u1ec1n n\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec7p v\u1eabn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t phong ki\u1ebfn l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu. \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ee7 b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n r\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1. M\u1ee9c t\u00f4 trung b\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfm t\u1edbi 50% s\u1ed1 thu hoa l\u1ee3i. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ea5t m\u00f9a, \u0111\u00f3i k\u00e9m li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp x\u1ea3y ra. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb, h\u1ea3i c\u1ea3ng, kinh t\u1ebf h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u. Nh\u1eefng m\u1ea7m m\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n V\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 S\u00f4gun v\u1eabn gi\u1eef duy tr\u00ec ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p. T\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp \u0110aimyo l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c phong ki\u1ebfn l\u1edbn, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ecba trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i trong l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp Samurai (v\u00f5 s\u0129) thu\u1ed9c gi\u1edbi qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c h\u1ea1ng trung v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c \u0111aimyo b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 huy c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i v\u0169 trang \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ed5ng l\u1ed9c. Do m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn tranh, \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Samurai b\u1ecb suy tho\u00e1i, l\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ed5ng th\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ecba, tham gia ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p, m\u1edf x\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng\u2026d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n h\u00f3a, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 phong ki\u1ebfn l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n T\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gi\u00e0u c\u00f3, song c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a giai c\u1ea5p phong ki\u1ebfn, c\u00f2n th\u1ecb d\u00e2n th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb phong ki\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf m\u00e0 c\u00f2n b\u1ecb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 bu\u00f4n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho vay l\u00e3i b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n V\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XIX, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia phong ki\u1ebfn. Thi\u00ean ho\u00e0ng c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1ed1i cao, nh\u01b0ng quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 S\u00f4 gun d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd T\u00f4-ku-ga-oa \u1edf ph\u1ee7 Ch\u00faa (M\u1ea1c ph\u1ee7).<\/p>\n Gi\u1eefa l\u00fac m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn giai c\u1ea5p trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gay g\u1eaft, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 M\u1ea1c ph\u1ee7 kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng th\u00ec c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean l\u00e0 M\u0129, d\u00f9ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f2i Nh\u1eadt b\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i \u201cm\u1edf c\u1eeda\u201d.<\/p>\n N\u0103m 1854, M\u1ea1c ph\u1ee7 bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i k\u00ed v\u1edbi M\u0129 hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc, theo \u0111\u00f3, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n m\u1edf 2 c\u1eeda bi\u1ec3n Si-m\u00f4-\u0111a v\u00e0 Ha-k\u00f4-\u0111a-t\u00ea cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u0129 ra v\u00e0o bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n. C\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh, Ph\u00e1p, Nga, \u0110\u1ee9c th\u1ea5y v\u1eady c\u0169ng \u0111ua nhau \u00e9p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n k\u00ed nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XIX, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e2m v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn: ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c duy tr\u00ec ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 phong ki\u1ebfn tr\u00ec tr\u1ec7, b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c x\u00e2u x\u00e9 ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh duy t\u00e2n, \u0111\u01b0a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi\u00a0in nghi\u00eang\u00a0gi\u1eefa b\u00e0i (trang 5 sgk L\u1ecbch S\u1eed 11):\u00a0–\u00a0T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XIX \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1868 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u00ec n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt? Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc Ch\u00e2u \u00c1. \u0110\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XIX ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 M\u1ea1c ph\u1ee7 \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1329],"tags":[1457,1458],"yoast_head":"\n