B\u00e0i 1 (trang 131 sgk H\u00f3a 12 n\u00e2ng cao):\u00a0Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0o x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf catot trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n MgCl2<\/sub>\u00a0n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y?<\/strong><\/p>\n A. S\u1ef1 oxi h\u00f3a ion Mg2+<\/sup><\/p>\n B. S\u1ef1 kh\u1eed ion Mg2+<\/sup><\/p>\n C. S\u1ef1 oxi h\u00f3a ion Cl–<\/sup><\/p>\n D. S\u1ef1 kh\u1eed ion Cl–<\/sup><\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n B<\/p>\n B\u00e0i 2 (trang 131 sgk H\u00f3a 12 n\u00e2ng cao):\u00a0Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n KBr n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0o x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng (anot)?<\/strong><\/p>\n A. Ion Br–<\/sup>\u00a0b\u1ecb kh\u1eed<\/p>\n B. Ion Br–<\/sup>\u00a0b\u1ecb oxi h\u00f3a<\/p>\n C. Ion K+<\/sup>\u00a0b\u1ecb kh\u1eed<\/p>\n D. Ion K+<\/sup>\u00a0b\u1ecb oxi h\u00f3a<\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n B<\/p>\n B\u00e0i 3 (trang 131 sgk H\u00f3a 12 n\u00e2ng cao):\u00a0H\u00e3y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf catot trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n?<\/strong><\/p>\n a. Cu2+<\/sup>(dd) + 2e \u2192 Cu(r)<\/p>\n b. Cu(r) \u2192 Cu2+<\/sup>(dd) + 2e<\/p>\n c. 2H2<\/sub>O + 2e \u2192 H2<\/sub>\u00a0+2OH–<\/sup>(dd)<\/p>\n d. 2H2<\/sub>O \u2192 O2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 4H+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4e<\/p>\n e. 2Br–<\/sup>(dd) \u2192 Br2<\/sub>(dd) + 2e<\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n Catot( c\u1ef1c \u00e2m) l\u00e0 n\u01a1i x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 kh\u1eed, c\u00e1c cation v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed nh\u1eadn electron \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n => Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng a, c \u0111\u1ec1u x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf catot<\/p>\n B\u00e0i 4 (trang 131 sgk H\u00f3a 12 n\u00e2ng cao):\u00a0H\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch :<\/strong><\/p>\n a. Khi \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n KCl n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 khi \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n dung d\u1ecbch KCl th\u00ec s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/strong><\/p>\n b. Khi \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n dung d\u1ecbch KNO3<\/sub>, dung d\u1ecbch H2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub>\u00a0th\u00ec s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/strong><\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n a, *\u0110i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n KCl n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y<\/p>\n Catot(-) \u2190 KCl n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y \u2192 Anot(+)<\/p>\n K+ \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Cl–<\/sup><\/p>\n K+<\/sup>\u00a0+ e \u2192 K<\/p>\n 2Cl–<\/sup>\u00a0\u2192 Cl2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 2e<\/p>\n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n<\/p>\n 2KCl\u00a0\u0111pnc<\/sup>\u00a0\u2192 2K + Cl2<\/sub><\/p>\n * \u0110i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n dung d\u1ecbch KCl<\/p>\n Catot(-) \u2190 KCl dung d\u1ecbch \u2192 Anot(+)<\/p>\n K+<\/sup>\u00a0,H2<\/sub>O \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Cl–<\/sup>,H2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n 2H2<\/sub>O +2e \u2192 H2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 2OH–<\/sup>(dd)<\/p>\n 2Cl–<\/sup>\u00a0\u2192 Cl2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 2e<\/p>\n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n<\/p>\n 2KCl + 2H2<\/sub>O\u00a0\u0111pdd<\/sup>\u2192 2KOH + H2<\/sub>\u00a0+ Cl2<\/sub><\/p>\n S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n KCl n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch KCl trong n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed ion K+ v\u00e0 kh\u1eed H2<\/sub>O t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n b. * \u0110i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n dung d\u1ecbch KNO3<\/sub><\/p>\n Catot(-) \u2190 KNO3<\/sub>\u00a0dung d\u1ecbch \u2192 Anot(+)<\/p>\n K+<\/sup>\u00a0,H2<\/sub>O \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 NO–<\/sup>3, H2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n 2H2<\/sub>O +2e \u2192 H2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 2OH–<\/sup>(dd)<\/p>\n 2H2<\/sub>O \u2192 O2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 4H+ + 4e<\/p>\n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n<\/p>\n *\u0110i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n dung d\u1ecbch H2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub><\/p>\n Catot(-) \u2190 KCl dung d\u1ecbch \u2192 Anot(+)<\/p>\n H+<\/sup>\u00a0,H2<\/sub>O \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 SO4<\/sub>2-<\/sup>, H2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n 2H+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2e \u2192 H2<\/sub>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2H2<\/sub>O \u2192 O2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 4H+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4e<\/p>\n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n<\/p>\n 2H2<\/sub>O\u00a0\u0111pdd<\/sup>\u2192 2H2<\/sub>\u00a0+ O2<\/sub><\/p>\n S\u1ef1 gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n KNO3<\/sub>\u00a0v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch H2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub>\u00a0trong n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 v\u00ec th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/p>\n B\u00e0i 5 (trang 131 sgk H\u00f3a 12 n\u00e2ng cao):\u00a0\u0110i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n m\u1ed9t dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ee9a anion NO3<\/sub>– v\u00e0 c\u00e1c cation kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 mol : Cu2+<\/sup>, Ag2+<\/sup>, Pb2+<\/sup>. H\u00e3y cho bi\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 kh\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ion kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t catot. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch?<\/strong><\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n T\u00ednh oxi h\u00f3a Ag+ > Cu2+<\/sup>\u00a0> Pb2+<\/sup>\u00a0=> Tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 kh\u1eed \u1edf catot l\u00e0 :<\/p>\n Ag+<\/sup>\u00a0+ e \u2192 Ag<\/p>\n Cu2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2e \u2192 Cu<\/p>\n Pb2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2e \u2192 Pb<\/p>\n B\u00e0i 6 (trang 131 sgk H\u00f3a 12 n\u00e2ng cao):\u00a0Sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n 200 ml dung d\u1ecbch CuSO4<\/sub>\u00a0v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c graphit, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng dung d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3m 8 gam. \u0110\u1ec3 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a ion Cu2+<\/sup>\u00a0c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i trong dung d\u1ecbch sau \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng 100 ml dung d\u1ecbch H2<\/sub>S 0,5M. H\u00e3y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 % c\u1ee7a dung d\u1ecbch CuSO4<\/sub>\u00a0tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n. Bi\u1ebft dung d\u1ecbch CuSO4<\/sub>\u00a0ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang l\u00e0 1,25 g\/ml<\/strong><\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n nH2S<\/sub>\u00a0= 0,5.0,1 = 0,05 mol<\/p>\n G\u1ecdi s\u1ed1 mol CuSO4<\/sub>\u00a0b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n l\u00e0 a.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra :<\/p>\n 2CuSO4<\/sub>\u00a0+ 2H2<\/sub>O \u2192 2Cu + 2H2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub>\u00a0+ O2<\/sub><\/p>\n CuSO4<\/sub>\u00a0+ H2<\/sub>S \u2192 CuS + H2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub><\/p>\n Sau \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng dung d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3m do Cu k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a v\u00e0 O2<\/sub>\u00a0bay h\u01a1i<\/p>\n => 8(g) = 64a + 32.a:2 => a = 0,1 mol<\/p>\n S\u1ed1 mol CuSO4<\/sub>\u00a0ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 a + 0,05 = 0,15 mol<\/p>\n CMCuSO4<\/sub>\u00a0= 0,15 : 0,2 = 0,75 M<\/p>\n C % CuSO4<\/sub>\u00a0= mCuSO4<\/sub>: mdd<\/sub>\u00a0. 100 v\u1edbi mdd<\/sub>\u00a0= V.d<\/p>\n C % CuSO4<\/sub>\u00a0=[ (0,15.160): (200.1,25)].100 = 9,6%<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" B\u00e0i 1 (trang 131 sgk H\u00f3a 12 n\u00e2ng cao):\u00a0Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0o x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf catot trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n MgCl2\u00a0n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y? A. S\u1ef1 oxi h\u00f3a ion Mg2+ B. S\u1ef1 kh\u1eed ion Mg2+ C. S\u1ef1 oxi h\u00f3a ion Cl– D. S\u1ef1 kh\u1eed ion Cl– L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n B B\u00e0i 2 (trang 131 sgk H\u00f3a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1306],"tags":[1436,1435],"yoast_head":"\n