B\u00e0i 1 (trang 272 sgk H\u00f3a 12 n\u00e2ng cao):\u00a0Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed s\u1ea1ch?<\/strong><\/p>\nA. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u1ee9a 78% N2<\/sub>, 21% O2<\/sub>, 1% h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p CO2<\/sub>, H2<\/sub>O, H2<\/sub>.<\/p>\nB. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u1ee9a 78% N2<\/sub>, 18% O2<\/sub>, 4% h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p CO2<\/sub>, SO2<\/sub>, HCl<\/p>\nC. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u1ee9a 78% N2<\/sub>, 20% O2<\/sub>, 2% h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p CH4<\/sub>, b\u1ee5i v\u00e0 CO2<\/sub><\/p>\nD. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u1ee9a 78% N2<\/sub>, 16% O2<\/sub>, 3% h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p CO2<\/sub>, 1% CO, 1% SO2<\/sub><\/p>\nL\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n A<\/p>\n
\n
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B\u00e0i 2 (trang 272 sgk H\u00f3a 12 n\u00e2ng cao):\u00a0Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m?<\/strong><\/p>\nA. N\u01b0\u1edbc ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a kho\u1ea3ng 1% thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n
B. N\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u00e1c ion kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 Pb2+<\/sup>\u00a0,Cd2+<\/sup>\u00a0,Hg2+<\/sup>, Ni2+<\/sup>.<\/p>\nC. N\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, khu v\u1ec7 sinh ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n
D. N\u01b0\u1edbc sinh ho\u1ea1t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ebfng khoan kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 asen, s\u1eaft… qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c cho ph\u00e9p<\/p>\n
L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n D<\/p>\n
B\u00e0i 3 (trang 272 sgk H\u00f3a 12 n\u00e2ng cao):\u00a0M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc xung quanh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m n\u1eb7ng b\u1edfi kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c, ion kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t. Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng?<\/strong><\/p>\nA. C\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00ed ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1ea3 ra ngo\u00e0i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, s\u00f4ng, h\u1ed3, bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n
B. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n chu tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e9p k\u00edn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n
C. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n
D. X\u1ea3 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ra ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, s\u00f4ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n
L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n D<\/p>\n
\n
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B\u00e0i 4 (trang 273 sgk H\u00f3a 12 n\u00e2ng cao):\u00a0Sau khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u HNO3<\/sub>\u00a0t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi Cu, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i n\u00e0o? N\u00eau bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00ed nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i n\u00e0y trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/strong><\/p>\nL\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n
Sau th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m Cu t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi HNO3<\/sub>\u00a0th\u01b0\u1eddng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00ed NO ho\u1eb7c NO2<\/sub>, mu\u1ed1i Cu(NO3<\/sub>)2<\/sub>\u00a0v\u00e0 HNO3<\/sub>\u00a0c\u00f2n d\u01b0. \u0110\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u00fang: tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00e0m th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e2n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb dung d\u1ecbch ki\u1ec1m ho\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4i v\u00e0 b\u00f4ng t\u00e2m dung d\u1ecbch ki\u1ec1m (n\u00fat \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m b\u1eb1ng b\u00f4ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 kh\u00ed sinh ra ho\u1eb7c cho kh\u00ed sinh ra v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch ki\u1ec1m)<\/p>\n2NO + O2<\/sub>\u00a0\u2192 2NO2<\/sub><\/p>\n2NO2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 2NaOH \u2192 NaNO2<\/sub>\u00a0+ NaNO3<\/sub>\u00a0+ H2<\/sub>O<\/p>\nPh\u1ea7n dung d\u1ecbch trong \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4i ho\u1eb7c dung d\u1ecbch ki\u1ec1m<\/p>\n
Cu(NO3<\/sub>)2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 2NaOH \u2192 2NaNO3<\/sub>\u00a0+ Cu(OH)2<\/sub>\u00a0\u2193<\/p>\nHNO3<\/sub>\u00a0+ NaOH \u2192 NaNO3<\/sub>\u00a0+ H2<\/sub>O<\/p>\nB\u00e0i 5 (trang 273 sgk H\u00f3a 12 n\u00e2ng cao):\u00a0Sau b\u00e0i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i \u1edf d\u1ea1ng dung d\u1ecbch, ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c ion: Cu2+<\/sup>, Zn2+<\/sup>, Fe3+<\/sup>, Pb2+<\/sup>, Hg2+<\/sup>,..<\/strong><\/p>\nD\u00f9ng ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00ed s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i tr\u00ean?<\/strong><\/p>\nA. N\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4i d\u01b0.<\/p>\n
B. HNO3<\/sub>.<\/p>\nC. Gi\u1ea5m \u00e1n<\/p>\n
D. Etanol.<\/p>\n
L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n A<\/p>\n
B\u00e0i 6 (trang 273 sgk H\u00f3a 12 n\u00e2ng cao):\u00a0a. Khi \u0111\u00e1nh v\u1ee1 nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf l\u00e0m b\u1ea7u th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n b\u1ecb v\u1ee1 ta c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng b\u1ed9t l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh r\u1eafc l\u00ean th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n r\u1ed3i gom l\u1ea1i. H\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc?<\/strong><\/p>\nb .Trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00ed kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i H2<\/sub>S ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 oxi h\u00f3a H2<\/sub>S theo s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 sau:<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/lop12.edu.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/bai-6-trang-273-sgk-hoa-12-nang-cao.png\")
<\/p>\n
H\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n
L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n
a) L\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o mu\u1ed1i th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n sunfua kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c<\/p>\n
Hg + S \u2192 HgS<\/p>\n
b) X\u1eed l\u00fd H2<\/sub>S b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh b\u1ed9t S kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c<\/p>\n2H2<\/sub>S + Na2CO3<\/sub>\u00a0\u2192 2NaHS + CO2<\/sub>\u00a0+ H2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n2NaHS + O2<\/sub>\u00a0\u2192 2NaOH + 2S<\/p>\n3H2<\/sub>S + Fe2<\/sub>O3<\/sub>\u00a0\u2192 Fe2<\/sub>S3<\/sub><\/p>\nFe2<\/sub>S3<\/sub>\u00a0+ 3O2<\/sub>\u00a0\u2192 2Fe2<\/sub>O3<\/sub>\u00a0+ 6S<\/p>\nB\u00e0i 7 (trang 273 sgk H\u00f3a 12 n\u00e2ng cao):\u00a0\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 sau:<\/strong><\/p>\nL\u1ea5y 2 l\u00edt kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed r\u1ed3i d\u1eabn qua dung d\u1ecbch Pb(NO3<\/sub>)2<\/sub>\u00a0d\u01b0 th\u00ec thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 0,3585 mg ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a m\u00e0u \u0111en.<\/strong><\/p>\na. H\u00e3y cho bi\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kh\u00ed n\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c kh\u00ed sau \u0111\u00e2y?<\/strong><\/p>\nA. H2<\/sub>S<\/p>\nB. CO2<\/sub><\/p>\nC. SO2<\/sub><\/p>\nD. NH3<\/sub><\/p>\nb. Vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc x\u1ea3y ra. T\u00ednh h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed c\u00f3 trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Coi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 100%.<\/p>\n
c. H\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t s\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec5m ban kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tr\u00ean c\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1ee9c cho ph\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng? N\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho ph\u00e9p l\u00e0 0,01 mg\/1.<\/p>\n
L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n
a- \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n A<\/p>\n
K\u1ebft t\u1ee7a \u0111en ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u1ee9a H2<\/sub>S<\/p>\nb- Pb(NO3<\/sub>)2<\/sub>\u00a0+ H2<\/sub>S \u2192 PbS \u2193 + 2HNO3<\/sub><\/p>\nnH2S<\/sub>\u00a0= nPbS<\/sub>\u00a0= (0,3585.10-3<\/sup>) : 239 = 1,5.10-6<\/sup>\u00a0mol<\/p>\nH\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng H2<\/sub>S trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 :<\/p>\n1,5.10-6<\/sup>.34 = 51.10-6<\/sup>\u00a0gam = 0,051 mg\/2lit = 0,0255 mg\/lit<\/p>\nc.S\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u1edfi H2<\/sub>S v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c cho ph\u00e9p l\u00e0 0,01 mg\/l\u00edt t\u1edbi 2,55 l\u1ea7n<\/p>\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B\u00e0i 1 (trang 272 sgk H\u00f3a 12 n\u00e2ng cao):\u00a0Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed s\u1ea1ch? A. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u1ee9a 78% N2, 21% O2, 1% h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p CO2, H2O, H2. B. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u1ee9a 78% N2, 18% O2, 4% h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p CO2, SO2, HCl C. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u1ee9a 78% N2, 20% O2, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":24694,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1306],"tags":[1429,1430],"yoast_head":"\n
Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 9 - B\u00e0i 58: H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/lop12.edu.vn\/chuong-9-bai-58-hoa-hoc-va-van-de-moi-truong\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 9 - B\u00e0i 58: H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"B\u00e0i 1 (trang 272 sgk H\u00f3a 12 n\u00e2ng cao):\u00a0Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed s\u1ea1ch? A. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u1ee9a 78% N2, 21% O2, 1% h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p CO2, H2O, H2. B. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u1ee9a 78% N2, 18% O2, 4% h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p CO2, SO2, HCl C. 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