B\u00e0i 1 (trang 100 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0C\u00f3 4 ion l\u00e0 Ca2+, Al3+, Fe2+, Fe3+. Ion c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 electron l\u1edbp ngo\u00e0i c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 :<\/strong><\/p>\n A. Fe3+.<\/p>\n B. Fe2+.<\/p>\n C. Al3+.<\/p>\n D. Ca2+.<\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/p>\n \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n B.<\/p>\n B\u00e0i 2 (trang 100 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0Kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd chung l\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n, d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t, d\u1ebbo v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00e1nh kim. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd chung l\u00e0 :<\/strong><\/p>\n A. trong tinh th\u1ec3 kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u electron \u0111\u1ed9c th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n B. trong tinh th\u1ec3 kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ion d\u01b0\u01a1ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ef1 do.<\/p>\n C. trong tinh th\u1ec3 kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c electron chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ef1 do.<\/p>\n D. trong tinh th\u1ec3 kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ion d\u01b0\u01a1ng kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n C.<\/p>\n B\u00e0i 3 (trang 100 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0Kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n, d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y?<\/strong><\/p>\n A. c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n B. c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3u m\u1ea1ng tinh th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n C. c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 electron t\u1ef1 do kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n D. c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 ion d\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n C.<\/p>\n B\u00e0i 4 (trang 100 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0Ng\u00e2m m\u1ed9t l\u00e1 kim lo\u1ea1i Ni trong nh\u1eefng dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i sau: MgSO4<\/sub>, NaCl, CuSO4<\/sub>, AlCl3<\/sub>, ZnCl2<\/sub>, Pb(NO3<\/sub>)2<\/sub>, AgNO3<\/sub>. H\u00e3y cho bi\u1ebft mu\u1ed1i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi Ni. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.<\/strong><\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n Niken c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n B\u00e0i 5 (trang 101 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0\u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n c\u00f3 l\u1eabn t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 k\u1ebdm, thi\u1ebfc, ch\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta khu\u1ea5y m\u1eabu th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n n\u00e0y trong dung d\u1ecbch HgSO4<\/sub>\u00a0d\u01b0.<\/strong><\/p>\n a. H\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.<\/strong><\/p>\n b. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1c c\u00f3 l\u1eabn t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, h\u00e3y l\u00e0m c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t? Vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.<\/strong><\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n a, Khu\u1ea5y m\u1eabu th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n trong dung d\u1ecbch Hg4<\/sub>\u00a0c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/p>\n HgSO4<\/sub>\u00a0+ Zn \u2192 Zn4<\/sub>\u00a0+ Hg<\/p>\n HgSO4<\/sub>\u00a0+ Sn \u2192 Sn4<\/sub>\u00a0+ Hg<\/p>\n HgSO4<\/sub>\u00a0+ Pb \u2192 Pb4<\/sub>\u00a0+ Hg<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t Zn, Sn, Pb b\u1ecb h\u00f2a tan h\u1ebft. L\u1ecdc l\u1ea5y thu th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n tinh khi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n b, N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1c c\u00f3 l\u1eabn c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00f3i tr\u00ean cho h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch AgNO3<\/sub>. S\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u00fang x\u1ea3y ra:<\/p>\n Zn + 2AgNO3<\/sub>\u00a0\u2192 Zn(NO3<\/sub>)2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 2Ag\u2193<\/p>\n Sn + 2AgNO3<\/sub>\u00a0\u2192 Sn(NO3<\/sub>)2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 2Ag\u2193<\/p>\n Pb + 2AgNO3<\/sub>\u00a0\u2192 Pb(NO3<\/sub>)2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 2Ag\u2193<\/p>\n Khi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecb h\u00f2a tan h\u1ebft trong dung d\u1ecbch AgNO3<\/sub>\u00a0l\u1ecdc l\u1ea5y k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ag tinh khi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n B\u00e0i 6 (trang 101 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0H\u00f2a tan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n 20 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p Fe v\u00e0 Mg trong dung d\u1ecbch HCl thu 1 gam kh\u00ed H2<\/sub>. Khi c\u00f4 c\u1ea1n dung d\u1ecbch thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau gam mu\u1ed1i khan?<\/strong><\/p>\n A. 54,5(g)<\/p>\n B. 55,5(g)<\/p>\n C. 56,5(g)<\/p>\n D. 57,5(g)<\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n B.<\/p>\n \u2022 C\u00e1ch 1:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n g\u1ecdi x, y l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 mol c\u1ee7a Fe v\u00e0 Mg trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p<\/p>\n s\u1ed1 mol H2<\/sub>\u00a0l\u00e0 nH2<\/sub>\u00a0= 1\/2 = 0,5 (mol)<\/p>\n theo b\u00e0i ra ta c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh<\/p>\n <\/p>\n kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mu\u1ed1i khan l\u00e0 :<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u2022 C\u00e1ch 2:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n B\u00e0i 7 (trang 101 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0H\u00f2a tan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n 0,5 gam Fe v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb II trong dung d\u1ecbch HCl thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1,12 l\u00edt kh\u00ed H2<\/sub>\u00a0\u0111ktc. Kim lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb II \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y.<\/strong><\/p>\n A. Mg.<\/strong><\/p>\n B. Ca.<\/strong><\/p>\n C. Zn.<\/strong><\/p>\n D. Be.<\/strong><\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n D.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n g\u1ecdi x, y l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 mol c\u1ee7a Fe v\u00e0 M trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p<\/p>\n s\u1ed1 mol H2<\/sub>\u00a0l\u00e0 nH2<\/sub>\u00a0= 1,12\/22,4 = 0,05 (mol)<\/p>\n theo b\u00e0i ra ta c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh<\/p>\n <\/p>\n t\u1eeb (2) \u2192 x= 0,05 \u2013 y<\/p>\n thay v\u00e0o (1) ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 56(0,05 \u2013 y) + My = 0,5<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Trong c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb II ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Be th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n do \u0111\u00f3 M l\u00e0 Be<\/p>\n B\u00e0i 8 (trang 101 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0Cho 16,2 gam kim lo\u1ea1i M c\u00f3 h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb n t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi 0,15 mol O2<\/sub>. Ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111em h\u00f2a tan v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch HCl d\u01b0 th\u1ea5y tho\u00e1t ra 13,44 l\u00edt kh\u00ed H2<\/sub>\u00a0\u0111ktc. Kim lo\u1ea1i M l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y?<\/strong><\/p>\n A. Fe.<\/p>\n B. Al.<\/p>\n C. Ca.<\/p>\n D. Mg.<\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n B.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f2a tan trong HCl th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 kh\u00ed tho\u00e1t ra ch\u1ee9ng \u1edf c\u00f3 M d\u01b0<\/p>\n <\/p>\n B\u00e0i 9 (trang 101 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0C\u00f3 5 m\u1eabu kim lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 Mg, Al, Ba, Fe, Ag. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng th\u00eam dung d\u1ecbch H2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub>\u00a0th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o ?<\/strong><\/p>\n A. Mg, Ba, Ag.<\/p>\n B. Mg, Ba, Al.<\/p>\n C. Mg, Ba, Al, Fe.<\/p>\n D. C\u1ea3 5 m\u1eabu kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n D.<\/p>\n B\u00e0i 10 (trang 101 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0Cho b\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p g\u1ed3m Fe(NO3<\/sub>)3<\/sub>v\u00e0 AgNO3<\/sub>\u00a0sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn A v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch B. Vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra. Cho bi\u1ebft A, B g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t g\u00ec? Bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng :<\/strong><\/p>\n T\u00ednh oxi h\u00f3a : Ag+<\/sup>\u00a0> Fe3+<\/sup>\u00a0> Cu2+<\/sup>\u00a0> Fe2+<\/sup><\/p>\n T\u00ednh kh\u1eed : Cu > Fe2+<\/sup>\u00a0> Ag<\/p>\n L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p Cu d\u01b0:<\/p>\n Cu + 2AgNO3<\/sub>\u00a0\u2192 Cu(NO3<\/sub>)2<\/sub>+ 2Ag \u2193<\/p>\n Cu + Fe(NO3<\/sub>)3<\/sub>\u2192 Cu(NO3<\/sub>)2<\/sub>+ Fe(NO3<\/sub>)2<\/sub><\/p>\n R\u1eafn A : Ag, Cu d\u01b0<\/p>\n Dung d\u1ecbch B : Cu(NO3<\/sub>)2<\/sub>, Fe(NO3<\/sub>)2<\/sub><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" B\u00e0i 1 (trang 100 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0C\u00f3 4 ion l\u00e0 Ca2+, Al3+, Fe2+, Fe3+. Ion c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 electron l\u1edbp ngo\u00e0i c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 : A. Fe3+. B. Fe2+. C. Al3+. D. Ca2+. L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n B. B\u00e0i 2 (trang 100 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0Kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd chung l\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":24460,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1305],"tags":[1419,1420],"yoast_head":"\n