3<\/sub>\u00a0v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch NaOH. Kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng th\u00eam ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft m\u1ed7i ch\u1ea5t?<\/strong><\/p>\nL\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n
Cho hai l\u1ecd l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi nhau :<\/p>\n
Cho l\u1ecd 1 v\u00e0 l\u1ecd 2 n\u1ebfu xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a m\u00e0 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a tan ngay th\u00ec l\u1ecd 1 l\u00e0 AlCl3<\/sub>\u00a0v\u00e0 l\u1ecd 2 l\u00e0 NaOH<\/p>\nAlCl3<\/sub>\u00a0+ 3NaOH \u2192 Al(OH)3<\/sub>\u00a0+ 3NaCl<\/p>\nAl(OH)3<\/sub>\u00a0+ NaOH \u2192 NaAlO2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 2H2<\/sub>O<\/p>\nN\u1ebfu cho l\u1ecd 1 v\u00e0 l\u1ecd 2 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a m\u1edbi tan th\u00ec l\u1ecd 1 l\u00e0 NaOH v\u00e0 l\u1ecd 2 l\u00e0 AlCl3<\/sub><\/p>\nB\u00e0i 3 (trang 128 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang<\/strong><\/p>\nA. Nh\u00f4m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n
B. Al(OH)3<\/sub>\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bazo l\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00ednh.<\/p>\nC. Al2<\/sub>O3<\/sub>\u00a0l\u00e0 oxit l\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00ednh.<\/p>\nD. Al(OH)3<\/sub>\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hydroxit l\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00ednh.<\/p>\nL\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n D.<\/p>\n
B\u00e0i 4 (trang 129 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0Trong nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t sau, ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00ednh ?<\/strong><\/p>\nA. Al(OH)3<\/sub>.<\/p>\nB. Al2<\/sub>O3<\/sub>.<\/p>\nC. ZnSO4<\/sub>.<\/p>\nD. NaHCO3<\/sub>.<\/p>\nL\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n C.<\/p>\n
B\u00e0i 5 (trang 129 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0Cho m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p Mg \u2013 Al t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch HCl d\u01b0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 8,96 l\u00edt H2<\/sub>. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, cho l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch NaOH d\u01b0 th\u00ec thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 6,72 l\u00edt H2<\/sub>. C\u00e1c th\u1ec3 t\u00edch kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111o \u1edf \u0111ktc.<\/strong><\/p>\nT\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 trong l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng.<\/strong><\/p>\nL\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n
G\u1ecdi x, y (mol) l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 mol Mg, Al trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n
Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng:<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/lop12.edu.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/bai-5-trang-129-sgk-hoa-12.png\")
<\/p>\n
S\u1ed1 mol H2<\/sub><\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/lop12.edu.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/bai-5-trang-129-sgk-hoa-12-1.png\")
<\/p>\n
mMg<\/sub>\u00a0= 24.0,1 = 2,4(g)<\/p>\nmAl<\/sub>\u00a0= 27.0,2 = 5,4(g)<\/p>\nB\u00e0i 6 (trang 129 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0Cho 100 ml dung d\u1ecbch AlCl3<\/sub>\u00a01M t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi 200ml dung d\u1ecbch NaOH. K\u1ebft t\u1ee7a t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 nung \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng 2,55g. T\u00ednh n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 dung d\u1ecbch NaOH ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/strong><\/p>\nL\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/lop12.edu.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/bai-6-trang-129-sgk-hoa-12.png\")
<\/p>\n
Theo pt(3) ta th\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 mol Al(OH)3<\/sub>\u00a0c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 0,05 (mol)<\/p>\nNh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 0,1- 0,05 = 0,05 (mol) Al(OH)3<\/sub>\u00a0\u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u00f2a tan<\/p>\nT\u1eeb (1) v\u00e0 (2) s\u1ed1 mol NaOH = 3.0,1 + 0,05 = 0,35 (mol)<\/p>\n
N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 mol\/l CMNaOH<\/sub>\u00a0= 0,35\/0,2=1,75M<\/p>\nB\u00e0i 7 (trang 129 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0C\u00f3 4 m\u1eabu b\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 Na, Al , Ca, Fe. Ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed, th\u00ec s\u1ed1 kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?<\/strong><\/p>\nA. 1<\/p>\n
B. 2<\/p>\n
C. 3<\/p>\n
D. 4<\/p>\n
L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n D.<\/p>\n
Tr\u00edch m\u1eabu th\u1eed r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed5 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o t\u1eebng m\u1eabu th\u1eed<\/p>\n
Kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1o dung d\u1ecbch trong su\u1ed1t l\u00e0 Na<\/p>\n
Kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1o dung d\u1ecbch tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1ee5c l\u00e0 Ca v\u00ec Ca(OH)2<\/sub>\u00a0\u00edt tan, k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a tr\u1eafng<\/p>\nCho dd NaOH \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0 v\u00e0o 2 m\u1eabu th\u1eed c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, m\u1eabu th\u1eed n\u00e0o t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1o k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a r\u1ed3i k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a tan, c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 Al.<\/p>\n
Ch\u1ea5t c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 Fe<\/p>\n
PTHH:<\/p>\n
NaOH + Al + H2<\/sub>O \u2192 NaAlO2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 3\/2H2<\/sub><\/p>\nB\u00e0i 8 (trang 129 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0\u0110i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n Al2<\/sub>O3<\/sub>\u00a0n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 9,65 A trong th\u1eddi gian 3000 gi\u00e2y, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2,16 g Al. Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n
A. 60%<\/p>\n
B. 70%<\/p>\n
C. 80%<\/p>\n
D. 90%<\/p>\n
L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n C.<\/p>\n
Theo \u0111inh lu\u1eadt Faraday kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u00f4m thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 :<\/p>\n
mAl<\/sub>\u00a0= AIt\/ 96500 n = 27 x 9,65 x 3000 \/ 96500 x 3 = 2,7(g)<\/p>\nHi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u00e0 H = 2,16 \/ 2,7 x 100% = 80%.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B\u00e0i 1 (trang 128 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0Vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u00e3y chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sau: L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i B\u00e0i 2 (trang 128 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0C\u00f3 hai l\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ghi nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ef1ng dung d\u1ecbch AlCl3\u00a0v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch NaOH. Kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng th\u00eam ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft m\u1ed7i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":24344,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1305],"tags":[1419,1420],"yoast_head":"\n
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