B\u00e0i 1 (trang 204 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng? Cho bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m.<\/strong><\/p>\nL\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n
– \u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, vi ph\u1ea1m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n
– S\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 v\u00ec:<\/p>\n
+ M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian sinh s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi sinh v\u1eadt, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ngo\u00e0i ra n\u00f3 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ebf th\u1ea3i do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
+ S\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 nhanh ch\u00f3ng, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a, \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a l\u00e0m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i, g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n
+ Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n nay ph\u1ea3i g\u00e1nh ch\u1ecbu nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0: kh\u00ed h\u1eadu to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i, thi\u00ean tai gia t\u0103ng …<\/p>\n
+ S\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea7n \u00f4zon g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 : g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng,…<\/p>\n
+ T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng, \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 b\u1ecb suy tho\u00e1i c\u00f3 n\u01a1i b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh sa m\u1ea1c\u2026.<\/p>\n
+ \u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 r\u1ed9ng do \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n
B\u00e0i 2 (trang 204 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\nL\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i quan tr\u1ecdng trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea1ch, c\u00f3 b\u1ee5i, c\u00f3 m\u00f9i kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed :<\/p>\n
C\u00f3 hai nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 :<\/p>\n
Ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m do thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean<\/p>\n
Ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed do giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed do sinh ho\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n
B\u00e0i 3 (trang 204 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea5t?<\/strong><\/p>\nL\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i , khi c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u00ec h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m.<\/p>\n
Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n:<\/p>\n
Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean: n\u00fai l\u1eeda, ng\u1eadp \u00fang do th\u1ee7y tri\u1ec1u<\/p>\n
Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi: c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m: t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc , t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt l\u00fd .<\/p>\n
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B\u00e0i 4 (trang 204 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0C\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1ed3m:<\/strong><\/p>\nA. C\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng :Hg, Pb, Sb …<\/strong><\/p>\nB. C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m : NO3<\/sub>–<\/sup>, PO4<\/sub>3-<\/sup>, SO4<\/sub>2-<\/sup>.<\/strong><\/p>\nC. Thu\u1ed1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt , ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.<\/strong><\/p>\nD. C\u1ea3 A, B, C.<\/strong><\/p>\nL\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n D.<\/p>\n
B\u00e0i 5 (trang 204 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u00e0ng ngh\u1ec1 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf ch\u00ec. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ec trong b\u00f9n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 sau :<\/strong><\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/lop12.edu.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/bai-5-trang-204-sgk-hoa-12.png\")
<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ec l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 100 ppm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u00ean, m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ch\u00ec l\u00e0 :<\/p>\n
A. M\u1eabu 1,4.<\/p>\n
B. M\u1eabu 2,3.<\/p>\n
C. M\u1eabu 1,2.<\/p>\n
D. C\u1ea3 4 m\u1eabu.<\/p>\n
L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n D.<\/p>\n
B\u00e0i 6 (trang 205 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0\u0110\u1ed1t lo\u1ea1i than \u0111\u00e1 ch\u1ee9a 2% l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh d\u00f9ng cho m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n. N\u1ebfu nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ed1t h\u1ebft 100 t\u1ea5n than trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y th\u00ec l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed SO2<\/sub>\u00a0do nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u1ea3 v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m l\u00e0 :<\/strong><\/p>\nA. 1420 t\u1ea5n kh\u00ed SO2<\/sub><\/p>\nB. 1250 t\u1ea5n kh\u00ed SO2<\/sub><\/p>\nC. 1530 t\u1ea5n kh\u00ed SO2<\/sub><\/p>\nD. 1460 t\u1ea5n kh\u00ed SO2<\/sub><\/p>\nL\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n
Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng S trong 100 t\u1ea5n than c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a 2% S l\u00e0: mS<\/sub>\u00a0= 2 x 100 \/ 100 = 2 t\u1ea5n<\/p>\nS + O2<\/sub>\u00a0\u2192 SO2<\/sub><\/p>\nKh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng SO2<\/sub>\u00a0th\u1ea3i ra trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam l\u00e0: mSO2<\/sub>\u00a0= 2 x 64 \/32 = 4 t\u1ea5n.<\/p>\nKh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng SO2<\/sub>\u00a0th\u1ea3i ra kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n trong 1 n\u0103m l\u00e0 mSO2<\/sub>\u00a0= 4 x 365 = 1460 t\u1ea5n.<\/p>\nKh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng SO2<\/sub>\u00a0th\u1ea3i ra trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n D.<\/p>\n
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B\u00e0i 7 (trang 205 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0Kh\u00ed SO2<\/sub>\u00a0do c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y sinh ra l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ebfu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng SO2<\/sub>\u00a0v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 30.10-6<\/sup>\u00a0mol\/m3<\/sup>\u00a0kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed th\u00ec coi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta l\u1ea5y 50 l\u00edt kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1edf m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00f3 0,0012 mg SO2<\/sub>\u00a0th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng ?<\/strong><\/p>\nL\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/b><\/p>\n
N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a SO2<\/sub>\u00a0trong 50 l\u00edt kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 CM(SO2)<\/sub>\u00a0= 0,0012 x 10-3<\/sup>\u00a0\/ 50 x 10-3<\/sup>\u00a0= 2,4 x 10-5<\/sup>(mol\/m3<\/sup>)<\/p>\nNh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m SO2<\/sub>.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B\u00e0i 1 (trang 204 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng? Cho bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: – \u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, vi ph\u1ea1m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. – S\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":24143,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1305],"tags":[1419,1420],"yoast_head":"\n
Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 9 - B\u00e0i 45: H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/lop12.edu.vn\/chuong-9-bai-45-hoa-hoc-va-van-de-moi-truong\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 9 - B\u00e0i 45: H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"B\u00e0i 1 (trang 204 SGK H\u00f3a 12):\u00a0Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng? Cho bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. 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