C\u00e2u 1 (trang 18 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 12 T\u1eadp 1):<\/b>\u00a0N\u00eau nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t ch\u00ednh …<\/span><\/p>\n – N\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng, v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 quan ni\u1ec7m nh\u00e0 v\u0103m ki\u1ec3u m\u1edbi: nh\u00e0 v\u0103n \u2013 chi\u1ebfn s\u0129.<\/p>\n – Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng \u00e1c li\u1ec7t, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i su\u1ed1t 30 n\u0103m, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n – C\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n – \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n giao l\u01b0u v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i, ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a (Li\u00ean X\u00f4, Trung Qu\u1ed1c).<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 2 (trang 18 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 12 T\u1eadp 1):<\/b>\u00a0V\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam …<\/span><\/p>\n V\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1945 \u0111\u1ebfn 1975 tr\u1ea3i qua c\u00e1c ch\u1eb7ng:<\/p>\n + Ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 1945 \u0111\u1ebfn 1954.<\/p>\n + Ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1955 \u0111\u1ebfn 1964.<\/p>\n + Ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 1965 \u0111\u1ebfn 1975.<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu:<\/p>\n * Ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 1945 \u0111\u1ebfn 1954<\/p>\n – T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1945 \u2013 1946: m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed h\u1ed3 h\u1edfi, vui s\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta khi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eeba gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n – T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1946 \u2013 1954:<\/p>\n + Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i truy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 k\u00fd: \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u cho v\u0103n xu\u00f4i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u: \u0110\u00f4i m\u1eaft, Nh\u1eadt k\u00fd \u1edf r\u1eebng ( Nam Cao)…<\/p>\n + Th\u01a1 ca: \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc, c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00f2ng c\u0103m th\u00f9 gi\u1eb7c, ca ng\u1ee3i cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u: C\u1ea3nh khuya, R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng gi\u00eang (H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh), B\u00ean kia s\u00f4ng \u0110u\u1ed1ng (Ho\u00e0ng C\u1ea7m)…<\/p>\n + K\u1ecbch: M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1edf k\u1ecbch g\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n l\u00ed lu\u1eadn, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh v\u0103n h\u1ecdc…<\/p>\n * Ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1955 \u0111\u1ebfn 1964:<\/p>\n – V\u0103n xu\u00f4i: bao g\u1ed3m ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft, truy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn, k\u00fd. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i, bao qu\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a hi\u00ean th\u1ef1c cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n – Th\u01a1 ca ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed3i sinh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc sau nh\u1eefng n\u0103m kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p, th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, n\u1ed7i \u0111au chia c\u1eaft hai mi\u1ec1n Nam \u2013 B\u1eafc. Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u: t\u1eadp Gi\u00f3 l\u1ed9ng (T\u1ed1 H\u1eefu), t\u1eadp th\u01a1 \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 sa (Ch\u1ebf Lan Vi\u00ean)…<\/p>\n * Ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 1965 \u0111\u1ebfn 1975:<\/p>\n – V\u0103n xu\u00f4i: nh\u1eefng truy\u1ec7n k\u00fd, vi\u1ebft trong m\u00e1u l\u1eeda v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nhanh nh\u1ea1y v\u00e0 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n Nam anh d\u0169ng. Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc truy\u1ec7n k\u00fd c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n – Th\u01a1 ca: \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 ca Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n + T\u1eadp trung th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n cu\u1ed9c gia qu\u00e2n v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n + Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n + S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 tr\u1ebb th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ecd \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn cho th\u01a1 Vi\u1ec7t nam hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng th\u01a1 m\u1edbi m\u1ebb, s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i v\u00e0 v\u1eabn th\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ee3m suy t\u01b0, tri\u1ebft l\u00ed.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 3 (trang 18 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 12 T\u1eadp 1):<\/b>\u00a0Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n …<\/span><\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1945 \u0111\u1ebfn 1975<\/p>\n a, N\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng theo khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a, g\u1eafn b\u00f3 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1edbi v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/p>\n – V\u0103n h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 v\u0169 kh\u00ed, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n – Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi \u0103n nh\u1ecbp v\u1edbi t\u1eebng ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, theo s\u00e1t t\u1eebng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n – C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i l\u1edbn:<\/p>\n + \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n + \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/p>\n + Hai \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau trong s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3.<\/p>\n b, N\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang<\/p>\n – C\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o: \u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n – C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u1ed7i b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ngh\u00e8o trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u0169.<\/p>\n – \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n + Nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, n\u1ed9i dung d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n + Quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef b\u00ecnh d\u1ecb, d\u1ec5 thu\u1ed9c, d\u1ec5 nh\u1edb.<\/p>\n c, N\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu mang khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eed thi v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n<\/p>\n – Khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eed thi:<\/p>\n + C\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n + Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m b\u00fat nh\u00ecn cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng con m\u1eaft c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m bao qu\u00e1t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n + T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u:\u00a0\u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean, R\u1eebng x\u00e0 nu \u2013 Nguy\u00ean Ng\u1ecdc, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 c\u1ea7m s\u00fang<\/i>\u00a0\u2013 Nguy\u1ec5n Thi, th\u01a1 ca c\u1ee7a T\u1ed1 H\u1eefu…<\/p>\n – C\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n:<\/p>\n + Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn tranh, d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea5t, kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 hi sinh nh\u01b0ng l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7y m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n + Ca ng\u1ee3i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a anh h\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, v\u00e0 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n + T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn, c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n, n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean m\u1ecdi th\u1eed th\u00e1ch, gian lao.<\/p>\n – Khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eed thi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n l\u00e0m cho v\u0103n h\u1ecdc giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n tinh th\u1ea7n l\u1ea1c quan v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 4 (trang 18 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 12 T\u1eadp 1):<\/b>\u00a0C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh …<\/span><\/p>\n V\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1975 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ebft th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi:<\/p>\n – Chi\u1ebfn tranh k\u1ebft th\u00fac, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u00ec m\u1edbi \u2013 th\u1eddi k\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1975 \u0111\u1ebfn 1985, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1i g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, th\u1eed th\u00e1ch nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n – \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u n\u0103m 1986 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi l\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u b\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft, l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c<\/p>\n + Kinh t\u1ebf: t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ec3n sang n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n + V\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n: c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. V\u0103n h\u1ecdc d\u1ecbch, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd.<\/p>\n \u2192 \u0110\u00f2i h\u1ecfi v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 5 (trang 18 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 12 T\u1eadp 1):<\/b><\/span>\u00a0H\u00e3y n\u00eau nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u …<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1975 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ebft th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX:<\/p>\n – Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i th\u01a1: tr\u01b0\u1eddng ca ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh, nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y b\u00fat thu\u1ed9c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 sau 1975 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00ecnh: Nguy\u1ec5n Quang Thi\u1ec1u…<\/p>\n – V\u0103n xu\u00f4i: c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1edfi s\u1eafc, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y b\u00fat \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi: c\u00e1ch th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn tranh, ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n + T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Minh Ch\u00e2u, Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1ea3i, L\u00ea L\u1ef1u…<\/p>\n – Ph\u00f3ng s\u1ef1: \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ee9c x\u00fac c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n + Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a Ph\u00f9ng Gia L\u1ed9c, Tr\u1ea7n Minh Quang…<\/p>\n – K\u00fd: ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n + Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng Ph\u1ee7 Ng\u1ecdc T\u01b0\u1eddng, Nguy\u1ec5n Tu\u00e2n…<\/p>\n – K\u1ecbch n\u00f3i: sau n\u0103m 1975 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd.<\/p>\n + T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u: t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a L\u01b0u Quang V\u0169.<\/p>\n (trang 19 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 12 T\u1eadp 1):<\/b>\u00a0Trong b\u00e0i Nh\u1eadn \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng ..<\/span><\/p>\n –\u00a0\u201cV\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn\u201d:<\/i>\u00a0\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng ta, c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 \u0111em ng\u00f2i b\u00fat c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n –\u00a0\u201cNh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn cho v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi..\u201d<\/i>\u00a0\u00fd n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7. Hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn cho v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u phong ph\u00fa. Trong \u0111\u00f3, cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn cho v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi, tr\u1ebb trung, kh\u1ecfe kho\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. N\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh Thi nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh:\u00a0\u201cs\u1eaft l\u1eeda m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn \u0111ang \u0111\u00fac n\u00ean v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta\u201d.<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" II. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn so\u1ea1n b\u00e0i C\u00e2u 1 (trang 18 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 12 T\u1eadp 1):\u00a0N\u00eau nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t ch\u00ednh … – N\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng, v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1300],"tags":[1378,1387,1380],"yoast_head":"\nLuy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp<\/h2>\n