Ph\u1ea7n 1: T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh<\/p>\n
C\u00e2u 1 (trang 29 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 12 T\u1eadp 1):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n * Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh:<\/p>\n – H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh coi v\u0103n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u0169 kh\u00ed chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u l\u1ee3i h\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 cho s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng: m\u1ed7i nh\u00e0 v\u0103n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn s\u0129.<\/p>\n – H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh lu\u00f4n ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng t\u00ednh ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u00ednh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n + Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ph\u1ea3i mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 cho hay, cho ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt, h\u00f9ng h\u1ed3n, hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c phong ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt.<\/p>\n + Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 cao tinh th\u1ea7n, c\u1ed1t c\u00e1ch trong d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n + Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm t\u00f2i s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n – Khi c\u1ea7m b\u00fat bao gi\u1edd B\u00e1c c\u0169ng xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n + Khi c\u1ea7m b\u00fat ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, vi\u1ebft cho ai? Vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec? Sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u00ec, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ed9i dung, vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n * \u00dd ngh\u0129a: Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 chi ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a B\u00e1c c\u00f3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 2 (trang 29 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 12 T\u1eadp 1):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: D\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0ng B\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn lao v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, phong ph\u00fa v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 phong c\u00e1ch ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n a, V\u0103n ch\u00ednh lu\u1eadn:<\/p>\n – Nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX: nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i v\u0103n ch\u00ednh lu\u1eadn mang b\u00fat danh Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean b\u00e1o Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng kh\u1ed5, ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 B\u1ea3n \u00e1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p (xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1925).<\/p>\n – Ng\u00e0y 02\/ 09\/ 1945: B\u1ea3n tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u2013 \u00e1ng v\u0103n ch\u00ednh lu\u1eadn ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u, m\u1eabu m\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n – Nh\u1eefng v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n vi\u1ebft v\u00e0o gi\u1edd ph\u00fa th\u1eed th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u1edbi v\u0103n phong v\u1eeba h\u00e0o s\u1ea3ng, v\u1eeba thi\u1ebft tha: L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn (1946), Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec qu\u00fd h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do (1946).<\/p>\n b, Truy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 k\u00fd<\/p>\n – Th\u1eddi gian B\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf Ph\u00e1p<\/p>\n + V\u0103n t\u1ef1: vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n + T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u:\u00a0Pa \u2013 ri, l\u1eddi than v\u00e3n c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 Tr\u01b0ng Tr\u1eafc, Vi h\u00e0nh…<\/i><\/p>\n – Th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng sau n\u00e0y:\u00a0Nh\u1eadt k\u00fd ch\u00ecm t\u00e0u<\/i>\u00a0n\u0103m 1931,\u00a0V\u1eeba \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n<\/i>\u00a0(1963)…<\/p>\n c, Th\u01a1 ca<\/p>\n – T\u1eadp th\u01a1 Nh\u1eadt k\u00fd trong t\u00f9<\/p>\n + Ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c: m\u00f9a thu n\u0103m 1942 \u2013 m\u00f9a thu n\u0103m 1943 khi b\u00e1c b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n T\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1edbi th\u1ea1ch giam c\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n + T\u1eadp th\u01a1 ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng, c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch cao \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh th\u1eed th\u00e1ch n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed1n lao t\u00f9.<\/p>\n – Tr\u00f9m th\u01a1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc: t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1941 \u0111\u1ebfn 1945 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n + Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 d\u00e2n c\u00e0y, b\u00e0i ca s\u1ee3i ch\u1ec9,…<\/p>\n + Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u1eeba c\u00f3 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i:\u00a0P\u00e1c P\u00f3 h\u00f9ng v\u0129, Nguy\u00ean ti\u00eau, C\u1ea3nh khuya,…<\/i><\/p>\n C\u00e2u 3 (trang 29 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 12 T\u1eadp 1):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a phong c\u00e1ch ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh:<\/p>\n * T\u00ednh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng:<\/p>\n – B\u00e1c vi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n – B\u00e1c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfng: ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, ti\u1ebfng H\u00e1n, ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t,\u2026<\/p>\n – M\u1ed7i th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n + V\u0103n ch\u00ednh lu\u1eadn: ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, x\u00fac t\u00edch, l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 b\u00fat ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n + Truy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 k\u00fd: th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tinh th\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt tr\u00e0o ph\u00fang s\u1eafc b\u00e9n.<\/p>\n + Th\u01a1 ca: g\u1ed3m hai lo\u1ea1i, m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 n\u00e9t phong c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n * T\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t<\/p>\n – C\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn trong s\u00e1ng, gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb.<\/p>\n – S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng linh ho\u1ea1t c\u00e1c b\u00fat ph\u00e1p ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n – H\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt lu\u00f4n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 1 (trang 29 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 12 T\u1eadp 1):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n B\u00fat ph\u00e1p c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u00fat ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i trong b\u00e0i th\u01a1 Chi\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i (H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh):<\/p>\n a, Nhan \u0111\u1ec1, thi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n: M\u1ed9 (Chi\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i).<\/p>\n b, Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n: th\u1ea5t ng\u00f4n t\u1ee9 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Lu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n c, Hai c\u00e2u th\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea7u mang m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n: B\u1ee9c tranh thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt<\/p>\n * B\u1ee9c tranh thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean:<\/p>\n – Kh\u00f4ng gian: r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n – Th\u1eddi gian: chi\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i \u2013 th\u1eddi kh\u1eafc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u2192 m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i.<\/p>\n – C\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt:<\/p>\n + Chim m\u1ecfi: bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u t\u00e0 \u2192 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n + Ch\u00f2m m\u00e2y c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n \u0111ang tr\u00f4i gi\u1eefa b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi bao la.<\/p>\n – Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt:<\/p>\n + S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec7, t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng, b\u00fat ph\u00e1p ch\u1ea5m ph\u00e1.<\/p>\n + Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n:\u00a0t\u00ecm v\u1ec1\u00a0<\/i>(c\u1ee7a c\u00e1nh chim) ><\u00a0tr\u00f4i \u0111i<\/i>\u00a0(c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7ng m\u00e2y);\u00a0r\u1eebng<\/i>\u00a0(c\u00f3 \u0111\u00edch, c\u00f3 n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n) ><\u00a0t\u1ea7ng kh\u00f4ng<\/i>\u00a0(kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00edch, g\u1ee3i s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbnh).<\/p>\n \u2192 B\u1ee9c tranh thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1eb9p, bu\u1ed3n n\u01a1i n\u00fai r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n * V\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n B\u00e1c:<\/p>\n – Y\u00eau thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, h\u00f2a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n – Tinh th\u1ea7n l\u1ea1c quan, phong th\u00e1i ung dung c\u1ee7a B\u00e1c.<\/p>\n d, Hai c\u00e2u th\u01a1 cu\u1ed1i mang m\u00e0u s\u1eafc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i: B\u1ee9c tranh \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/p>\n – H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh:<\/p>\n +\u00a0Thi\u1ebfu n\u1eef say ng\u00f4:<\/i>\u00a0ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1ecfe kho\u1eafn tr\u1ebb trung \u2192 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c tranh, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong t\u01b0 th\u1ebf lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n +\u00a0L\u00f2 than r\u1ef1c h\u1ed3ng:<\/i>\u00a0t\u1ea1o c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u1ea5m \u00e1p, xua tan c\u00e1i l\u1ea1nh chi\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n \u2192 Ch\u1eef \u201ch\u1ed3ng\u201d l\u00e0m b\u1eebng s\u00e1ng b\u00e0i th\u01a1, t\u1ee9 th\u01a1 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u2192 tinh th\u1ea7n l\u1ea1c quan v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean m\u1ecdi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n – Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt:<\/p>\n + S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi ph\u00e1p c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n l\u1ea5y \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea3 b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n + \u0110i\u1ec7p t\u1eeb:\u00a0ma bao t\u00fac \u2013 bao t\u00fac ma ho\u00e0n.<\/i><\/p>\n => B\u1ee9c tranh thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean l\u00fac chi\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u1ea5m \u00e1p, t\u01b0\u01a1i vui. S\u1ef1 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh th\u01a1 t\u1eeb b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i h\u01b0\u1edbng ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ni\u1ec1m l\u1ea1c quan, t\u00ecnh y\u00eau cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u01a1. D\u00f9 trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0o Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn ung dung, t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 2 (trang 29 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 12 T\u1eadp 1):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n T\u1eadp th\u01a1\u00a0Nh\u1eadt k\u00fd trong t\u00f9<\/i>\u00a0c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh<\/p>\n T\u1eadp th\u01a1 Nh\u1eadt k\u00ed trong t\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u00e1c s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1943, khi b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n T\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u1edbi Th\u1ea1ch b\u1eaft \u1edf Quang T\u00e2y (Trung Qu\u1ed1c). T\u1eadp th\u01a1 g\u1ed3m 133 b\u00e0i th\u01a1 vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu theo th\u1ec3 th\u01a1 th\u1ea5t ng\u00f4n t\u1ee9 tuy\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n T\u1eadp th\u01a1 ghi ch\u00e9p nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3u tai nghe m\u1eaft th\u1ea5y trong nh\u00e0 t\u00f9 v\u00e0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u1ec3n lao t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y \u2013 Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f9ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u0169ng ghi l\u1ea1i t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng, c\u1ea3m x\u00fac suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch cao \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh th\u1eed th\u00e1ch n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed1n lao t\u00f9.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ph\u1ea7n 1: T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh I. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn so\u1ea1n b\u00e0i C\u00e2u 1 (trang 29 sgk Ng\u1eef V\u0103n 12 T\u1eadp 1): * Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: – H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh coi v\u0103n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u0169 kh\u00ed chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u l\u1ee3i h\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 cho s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1300],"tags":[1378,1387,1380],"yoast_head":"\nLuy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp<\/h2>\n