\u0110\u1ec1 b\u00e0i:<\/b>\u00a0Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch bi k\u1ecbch tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt H\u1ed9 trong truy\u1ec7n “\u0110\u1eddi th\u1eeba” c\u1ee7a Nam Cao.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i l\u00e0m<\/b><\/p>\n

Truy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn c\u1ee7a Nam Cao vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c ngh\u00e8o trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1m \u1ea3nh trong l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc. “Tr\u0103ng s\u00e1ng”, “\u0110\u1eddi th\u1eeba”, “Mua nh\u00e0”, “S\u1ed1ng m\u00f2n”… l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 truy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt “T\u00f4i” trong mua nh\u00e0, \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 qua th\u01b0 g\u1eedi b\u1ea1n: “T\u00f4i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c gh\u00ea g\u1edbm l\u1eafm. T\u00f4i gi\u1ebft d\u1ea7n t\u00f4i \u0111i \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm ti\u1ec1n…”. V\u00e0 sau tr\u1eadn b\u00e3o, c\u00e1i nh\u00e0 tre “nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0 khu\u1ef5u g\u1ed1i”, “t\u00f4i c\u1ed1 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eefa, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1ebft t\u00f4i nhanh h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eefa”,… Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n H\u1ed9 trong “\u0110\u1eddi th\u1eeba” c\u0169ng v\u1eady, anh \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua bi k\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea7y n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft, gi\u1eb1ng x\u00e9 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m. Qua nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt H\u1ed9, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3nh ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5, t\u1ee7i nh\u1ee5c, b\u1ebf t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c ngh\u00e8o trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u0169. T\u1ea5n bi k\u1ecbch tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ngh\u00e8o tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nam Cao th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c, c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i to l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

H\u1ed9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ngh\u00e8o c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e0i. Khi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 v\u1ee3 con “v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u1eafn, h\u1eafn ch\u1ec9 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh h\u1eafn s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch eo h\u1eb9p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c kh\u1ed5”. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb khi “\u0111\u00e3 gh\u00e9p \u0111\u1eddi T\u1eeb v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1eafn”,v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t b\u1ea7y con th\u01a1 “nhi\u1ec1u \u0111en, nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e0i, qu\u1ea5y r\u1ee9c, kh\u00f3c m\u1ebfu su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam v\u00e0 quanh n\u0103m u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c”, th\u00ec H\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u1ea5n bi k\u1ecbch gh\u00ea g\u1edbm, b\u1ecb c\u00e1i n\u1ee3 \u00e1o c\u01a1m gh\u00ec s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea5t! H\u1ed9 c\u1ee9 lu\u1ea9n qu\u1ea9n m\u00e3i trong bao n\u1ed7i kh\u1ed5 t\u00e1m \u2018th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t con \u0111\u00f3i, th\u1ee9 hai n\u1ee3 \u0111\u00f2i, th\u1ee9 ba nh\u00e0 d\u1ed9t” nh\u01b0 d\u00e2n gian \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n

H\u1ed9 v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u0103n c\u00f3 t\u00e0i v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 tin, t\u1eebng \u00f4m \u1ea5p “m\u1ed9t ho\u00e0i b\u00e3o l\u1edbn”, m\u1ed9t m\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eb9p v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u1edbi H\u1ed9 “\u0111\u00f3i r\u00e9t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00ed g\u00ec”, h\u1eafn “khinh nh\u1eefng lo l\u1eafng t\u1ee7n m\u1ee7n v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t”. H\u1eafn say m\u00ea l\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1eb3u h\u1eafn “ch\u1ec9 lo vun tr\u1ed3ng cho c\u00e1i t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a h\u1eafn ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t th\u00eam n\u1ea3y n\u1edf”. V\u1edbi H\u1ed9 “ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3”. H\u1ed9 khao kh\u00e1t vinh quang “b\u0103n kho\u0103n ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1edd h\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c c\u00f9ng ra m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi”. Ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i khao kh\u00e1t \u1ea5y c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9 l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng, l\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc mong ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e0i, c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m, mu\u1ed1n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00ecnh trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. H\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea1t nh\u1ebdo. Khao kh\u00e1t c\u1ee7a anh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00e8m kh\u00e1t h\u01b0 danh v\u00e0 h\u00e1m l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn ti\u1ec3u nh\u00e2n, ph\u00e0m t\u1ee5c!<\/p>\n

L\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ed1ng v\u00ec ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, “ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3” c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t trong s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p. \u0110\u00e2u ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 vi\u1ec3n v\u00f4ng! \u0110\u00e2u ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m “ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u1ecb ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt” . M\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 say m\u00ea l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u0103n mu\u1ed1n \u0111em t\u00e0i n\u0103ng thi th\u1ed1 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi. S\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9 lu\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi c\u00e1i Ch\u00e2n, Thi\u1ec7n, M\u0129, nh\u01b0 \u0111em hoa th\u01a1m tr\u00e1i ng\u1ecdt \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1eddi, m\u1ed7i trang v\u0103n cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ea5m \u0111\u1eabm tinh th\u1ea7n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o. Anh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n v\u0103n b\u00fat v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c m\u00e0 anh \u0111ang nung n\u1ea5u, v\u01b0\u01a1n t\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u1ea5y “th\u1eadt gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean b\u00ean tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1edd c\u00f5i v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n”. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u1ea5y “th\u1eadt gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean b\u00ean tr\u1ec3n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1edd c\u00f5i v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n”. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u1ea5y “ph\u1ea3i cli\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u1edbn lao, m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, v\u1eeba \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn, l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba ph\u1ea5n kh\u1edfi. N\u00f3 ca t\u1ee5ng l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u00ecnh b\u00e1c \u00e1i, s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh… N\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01a1n”. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi t\u00e2m huy\u1ebft, r\u1ea5t s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9. Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u1ea5y l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00ec h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

H\u1ed9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u0103n v\u1eeba m\u00ea v\u0103n v\u1eeba t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ngh\u1ec1 c\u1ea7m b\u00fat c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n hay, m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u v\u0103n hay, h\u1eafn “ng\u1eabm ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1i kho\u1ea3i c\u1ea3m ng\u00e2n ra trong l\u00f2ng”. V\u1edbi H\u1ed9, v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n \u0103n tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00f4 gi\u00e1. M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n hay, c\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i hay c\u1ee7a v\u00e3n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng “th\u00ec d\u1eabu \u0103n m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n ngon \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch b\u1eb1ng. S\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1eafm!”.<\/p>\n

H\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 v\u1edbi T\u1eeb: “Ngh\u0129 cho k\u0129, \u0111\u1eddi t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng kh\u1ed5 m\u00e0 h\u00f3a kh\u1ed5, ch\u00ednh t\u00f4i l\u00e0m c\u00e1i th\u00e2n t\u00f4i kh\u1ed5, t\u00f4i m\u00ea v\u0103n qu\u00e1 n\u00ean m\u1edbi kh\u1ed5” (…) “nh\u01b0ng th\u1eed c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u b\u1ea1c v\u1ea1n v\u00e0o thu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea5y c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5i”. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi t\u1ef1 th\u00fa c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi “\u0111\u00e3 mang c\u00e1i nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o th\u00e2n”. S\u1ef1 “m\u00ea v\u0103n qu\u00e1” c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1ea5n bi k\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c ngh\u00e8o trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u0169.<\/p>\n

H\u1ed9 c\u00f3 t\u00e0i, c\u00f3 t\u00e2m, c\u00f3 l\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1eb9p, c\u00f3 ho\u00e0i b\u00e3o l\u1edbn, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2u d\u1ec5 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c! H\u1eafn ph\u1ea3i g\u00e1nh tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f4i vai g\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u00e1i g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng v\u1ee3 con, bao th\u00ec gi\u1edd b\u1ecb ng\u1ed1n v\u00e0o “nh\u1eefng b\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng t\u1eb9p nh\u1eb9p, v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a l\u00ed”. N\u1ee3 n\u1ea7n tri\u1ec1n mi\u00ean: “ti\u1ec1n nh\u00e0… ti\u1ec1n gi\u1eb7t… ti\u1ec1n thu\u1ed1c… ti\u1ec1n n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm…”. Nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fac H\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3i “s\u1ea7m m\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i” tr\u01b0\u1edbc “nh\u1eefng lo l\u1eafng li\u00ean mi\u00ean v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t”, h\u1eafn m\u1edbi th\u1ea5m hi\u1ec3u “gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n”, h\u1eafn m\u1edbi th\u1ea5m hi\u1ec3u n\u1ed7i \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed3ng “khi th\u1ea5y v\u1ee3 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3i r\u00e1ch”. N\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia h\u1eafn “vi\u1ebft th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng”, ch\u0103m ch\u00fat t\u1eebng trang v\u0103n th\u00ec gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y “h\u1eafn ph\u1ea3i cho in nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed1n v\u0103n vi\u1ebft v\u1ed9 v\u00e0ng… ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1ecdc r\u1ed3i qu\u00ean ngay sau l\u00fac \u0111\u1ecdc”. H\u1eafn v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5 m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch, hay m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n k\u00ed t\u00ean m\u00ecnh, “h\u1eafn \u0111\u1ecf m\u1eb7t l\u00ean, cau m\u00e0y nghi\u1ebfn r\u0103ng, v\u00f2 n\u00e1t s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 m\u1eafng m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eb1ng kh\u1ed1n n\u1ea1n”.<\/p>\n

V\u1ed1n c\u00f3 t\u00e0i v\u00e0 gi\u00e0u l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, c\u01a1m \u00e1o ng\u1eb7t ngh\u00e8o, v\u1ee3 con th\u00fac b\u00e1ch ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam, H\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trau d\u1ed3i ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt n\u1eefa, h\u1eafn ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft “to\u00e0n nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i v\u00f4 v\u1ecb nh\u1ea1t nh\u1ebdo, g\u1ee3i nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m r\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9 r\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng, di\u1ec5n m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u00fd r\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ea5y lo\u00e3ng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 v\u0103n b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 \u01b0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e3i”.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi H\u1ed9, nh\u00e0 v\u0103n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m theo, b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, “bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e0o s\u00e2u, bi\u1ebft t\u00ecm t\u00f2i, kh\u01a1i nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n ch\u01b0a ai kh\u01a1i v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i g\u00ec ch\u01b0a c\u00f3”. Nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1eafn \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft ra, h\u1eafn “bu\u1ed3n l\u1eafm, bu\u1ed3n l\u1eafm” H\u1eafn x\u00f3t xa bu\u1ed3n t\u1ee7i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 “m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba”, t\u1ef1 d\u1eb1n v\u1eb7t m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 “m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb b\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng”, l\u00e0 “\u0111\u00ea ti\u1ec7n”. Kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng th\u00ec cao xa m\u00e0 r\u00fat cu\u1ed9c, H\u1ed9 “ch\u1eb3ng \u0111em m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat m\u1edbi l\u1ea1 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng”. H\u1eafn v\u00f9ng v\u1eaby trong \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn, t\u1ee7i nh\u1ee5c, “\u0111i\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ean v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i xoay ti\u1ec1n”. Bao m\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eb9p ti\u00eau tan, bao d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y tr\u1eafng! H\u1eafn v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng “ch\u00e1n ng\u00e1n”, mang t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng bu\u1ed3n th\u1ea3m nh\u01b0 “m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb ph\u1ea3i \u0111i \u0111\u00e0y”. C\u00f3 l\u00fac h\u1eafn th\u1edf d\u00e0i ngao ng\u00e1n: “Th\u00f4i th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 h\u1ebft! Ta \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfng! Ta \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ee9t r\u1ed3i!”.<\/p>\n

L\u00f2ng H\u1ed9 “r\u0169 bu\u1ed3n”. C\u00f2n c\u00f3 g\u00ec bu\u1ed3n h\u01a1n “c\u00f2n c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn h\u01a1n cho m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb v\u1eabn kh\u00e1t khao l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec m\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, m\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ee5c ch\u1eb3ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i g\u00ec, ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng lo c\u01a1m \u00e1o m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ec7t?”. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 bi k\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb s\u0129 mang m\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eb9p, ho\u00e0i b\u00e3o l\u1edbn, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng r\u1ea5t t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng, toan t\u00ednh t\u1ee7n m\u1ee7n, ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 “m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb v\u00f4 \u00edch, m\u1ed9i ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba”.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng bi k\u1ecbch tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a v\u0103n s\u0129 H\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e2u ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ebf! Anh ta l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed3ng t\u1ed1t, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha gi\u00e0u t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng con, n\u00ean bi k\u1ecbch th\u1ee9 hai n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m ph\u1ea7n \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 bi k\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c coi t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc s\u1ed1ng cao nh\u1ea5t, hi sinh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 cho t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ee9 s\u1ed1ng b\u00ea tha, t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn, th\u00f4 b\u1ea1o, g\u00e2y \u0111au kh\u1ed5 cho v\u1ee3 con, ch\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1p l\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4 g\u00e1i l\u1ee1 l\u00e0ng. H\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn T\u1eeb l\u00e0m v\u1ee3, nh\u1eadn l\u00e0m b\u1ed1 cho \u0111\u1ee9a con th\u01a1, lo vi\u1ec7c ma chay cho m\u1eb9 T\u1eeb. M\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng, m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ngh\u0129a hi\u1ec7p. H\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 “c\u00fai xu\u1ed1ng n\u1ed7i \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a T\u1eeb”. Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i, gia c\u1ea3nh ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i, “\u0111\u1ee9a con n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp l\u1edbn l\u00ean, \u0111\u1ee9a con kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ed9i ra”, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fac “h\u1eafn c\u00f2n \u0111i\u00ean l\u00e8n v\u00ec con kh\u00f3c”. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f4i l\u1ea7n, h\u1eafn tho\u00e1ng ngh\u0129 b\u1ecf m\u1eb7c v\u1ee3 con, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea3nh rang vi\u1ebft, tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng “\u0111\u1eddi th\u1eeba”. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1ed1n nh\u00e2n h\u1eadu, anh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf! Anh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng \u00e1c, t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn, nh\u01b0 ai \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i? V\u1edbi H\u1ed9 t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 tr\u00ean h\u1ebft, h\u1eafn s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng “hi sinh” ho\u00e0i b\u00e3o ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eefa l\u1ea5y t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng, d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 “hi sinh” qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi anh. H\u1eafn t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o: “Ta \u0111\u00e0nh ph\u00ed \u0111i m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm\u2026”. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi c\u1ea3nh ng\u1ed9, h\u1eafn quy\u1ebft “kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng” b\u1edfi l\u1ebd, nh\u01b0 h\u1eafn quan ni\u1ec7m: “k\u1ebb m\u1ea1nh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 k\u1ebb gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f4i vai m\u00ecnh”.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eddi, m\u1ecdi \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 bi k\u1ecbch tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2u d\u1ec5 g\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u1edbm m\u1ec7t chi\u1ec1u m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xua tan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? \u0110\u1ec3 qu\u00ean \u0111i n\u1ed7i \u0111au v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ee7i nh\u1ee5c, H\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn r\u01b0\u1ee3u. H\u1eafn ta d\u00e3 ch\u00ecm s\u00e2u v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng bi k\u1ecbch, sau m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n say. Say r\u01b0\u1ee3u, t\u00e2m t\u00ednh H\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3. C\u00f3 l\u00fac, “h\u1eafn \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda ngay t\u1eeb khi c\u00f2n \u1edf d\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng”. C\u00f3 l\u00fac h\u1eafn “\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5 xu\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00fac g\u1ed7 xu\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 c\u00e1i gi\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o, ng\u1ee7 say nh\u01b0 ch\u1ebft”. “C\u00f3 l\u00fac h\u1eafn l\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3o b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o nh\u00e0, m\u1eaft g\u01b0\u1eddm g\u01b0\u1eddm, \u0111\u00f4i m\u00f4i m\u00edm ch\u1eb7t…”.C\u00f3 l\u1ea7n say r\u01b0\u1ee3u h\u1eafn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh T\u1eeb, \u0111\u00f2i “v\u1eadt m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1t cho ch\u1ebft c\u1ea3” m\u1ea5y m\u1eb9 con T\u1eeb. Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i khi t\u1ec9nh r\u01b0\u1ee3u h\u1eafn “b\u1ebdn l\u1ebdn” xin l\u1ed7i T\u1eeb “h\u00f4n h\u00edt c\u00e1c con nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha t\u1ed1t”, tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1eeba r\u01b0\u1ee3u, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i say, l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng tr\u00f2 v\u1eeba bu\u1ed3n c\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u1eeba \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Say r\u1ed3i t\u1ec9nh t\u1ec9nh r\u1ed3i say. C\u00e1i v\u00f2ng lu\u1ea9n qu\u1ea9n \u1ea5y, H\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng u u\u1ea5t, “\u00e2m th\u1ea7m \u0111au kh\u1ed5”. H\u1ed9 l\u00e2m v\u00e0o b\u1ebf t\u1eafc n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n anh d\u1ed1c s\u1ea1ch ti\u1ec1n nhu\u1eadn b\u00fat v\u00e0o qu\u00e1n r\u01b0\u1ee3u, say r\u01b0\u1ee3u, \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i v\u1ee3 con ra kh\u1ecfi nh\u00e0 gi\u1eefa \u0111\u00eam khuya. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh H\u1ed9, sau c\u01a1n say, t\u1ec9nh d\u1eady “m\u1eaft nh\u1edbn nh\u00e1c t\u00ecm T\u1eeb”, d\u1ecbu d\u00e0ng n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y tay T\u1eeb, l\u00f2ng h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn “kh\u00f3c n\u1ee9c n\u1edf” l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 t\u1ea5n bi k\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c ngh\u00e8o trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u0169. Ti\u1ebfng h\u00e1t ru con c\u1ee7a T\u1eeb ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m v\u01a1i \u0111i \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ed7i \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed3ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau \u0111ang tr\u1ea3i qua t\u1ea5n bi k\u1ecbch n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, u \u00e1m.<\/p>\n

“… Ai l\u00e0m cho Nam B\u1eafc ph\u00e2n k\u00ec<\/i><\/p>\n

Cho hai h\u00e0ng l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7m \u0111\u00eca t\u1ea5m th\u00e2n?”<\/i><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, thi s\u0129 T\u1ea3n \u0110\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n c\u1ea3m kh\u00e1i: “V\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea1 gi\u1edbi r\u1ebb nh\u01b0 b\u00e8o…”. Say n\u00e0y, nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 Xu\u00e2n Di\u1ec7u l\u1ea1i vi\u1ebft: “N\u1ed7i \u0111\u1eddi cay c\u1ef1c \u0111ang gi\u01a1 vu\u1ed1t – C\u01a1m \u00e1o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f9a v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch th\u01a1”. V\u1edbi truy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn “\u0110\u1eddi th\u1eeba”, Nam Cao \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111au x\u00f3t bi k\u1ecbch tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c ngh\u00e8o trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n phong ki\u1ebfn. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean \u00e1n c\u00e1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ng\u1ed9t ng\u1ea1t b\u00f3p ch\u1ebft m\u1ecdi m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc, t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u1ea5n bi k\u1ecbch tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 ghi l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c trung th\u1ef1c, trong c\u1ea3nh ng\u1ed9 b\u1ebf t\u1eafc, c\u1ed1 v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean gi\u1eef v\u1eefng l\u1ebd s\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

“\u0110\u1eddi th\u1eeba” hay “S\u1ed1ng m\u00f2n” l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 bao tr\u00f9m nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Nam Cao tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. H\u1ed9, \u0110i\u1ec1n, Th\u1ee9… l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n cho n\u1ed7i \u0111au kh\u1ed5, t\u1ee7i nh\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c ngh\u00e8o. H\u00e3y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi nh\u00e0 v\u0103n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em t\u00e0i n\u0103ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u00edch cho \u0111\u1eddi. Ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ng\u1ed9t ng\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u l\u1ea5y con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u1ee9u l\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c n\u00e0y m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c! “\u0110\u1eddi th\u1eeba” l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7y l\u1ec7!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u1ec1 b\u00e0i:\u00a0Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch bi k\u1ecbch tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt H\u1ed9 trong truy\u1ec7n “\u0110\u1eddi th\u1eeba” c\u1ee7a Nam Cao. B\u00e0i l\u00e0m Truy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn c\u1ee7a Nam Cao vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c ngh\u00e8o trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1m \u1ea3nh trong l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc. “Tr\u0103ng s\u00e1ng”, “\u0110\u1eddi th\u1eeba”, “Mua nh\u00e0”, “S\u1ed1ng m\u00f2n”… […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[162,1301],"tags":[1366,1359],"yoast_head":"\n