C\u00e2u 1<\/b>: Nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, x\u00e3 h\u00f4i, v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m 1945 \u0111\u1ebfn 1975.<\/span><\/p>\n – Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 m\u1edf ra k\u1ec9 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi, k\u1ec9 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 do cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n – N\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 quan ni\u1ec7m nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ki\u1ec3u m\u1edbi:\u00a0nh\u00e0 v\u0103n \u2013 chi\u1ebfn s\u0129<\/i>.<\/p>\n – T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1945 \u0111\u1ebfn 1975, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1edbn, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc t\u1edbi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n + Hai cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u0129 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i, h\u00e0o h\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n + C\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng CNXH tr\u00ean mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc.<\/p>\n – Chi\u1ebfn tranh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, khi\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n giao l\u01b0u v\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf (ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc trong phe XHCN).<\/p>\n –> Trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u to l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 2<\/b>:<\/span><\/p>\n V\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb 1945 \u0111\u1ebfn 1975 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia l\u00e0m 3 ch\u1eb7ng:<\/p>\n Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ch\u1eb7ng:<\/b><\/p>\n a.<\/b>\u00a0V\u0103n h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb 1945 \u2013 1954<\/i><\/p>\n \u2013 Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1: ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ni\u1ec1m vui s\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ed3 h\u1edfi c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n khi d\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, ca ng\u1ee3i t\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, k\u00eau g\u1ecdi tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft. T\u1eeb 1946 tr\u1edf \u0111i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ca ng\u1ee3i cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p tin v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n – Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n – Truy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn:<\/p>\n + C\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u:\u00a0K\u00ed s\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n t\u1edbi th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4, \u0110\u00f4i m\u1eaft, Th\u01b0 nh\u00e0<\/i>.<\/p>\n + T\u1eeb 1950 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng t\u1eadp truy\u1ec7n k\u00ed kh\u00e1 d\u00e0y:\u00a0V\u00f9ng m\u1ecf, Xung k\u00edch<\/i>.<\/p>\n – Th\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u c\u00f3:\u00a0C\u1ea3nh khuya, R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng gi\u00eang, B\u00ean kia s\u00f4ng \u0110u\u1ed1ng, T\u00e2y ti\u1ebfn, …<\/i><\/p>\n – K\u1ecbch:\u00a0B\u1eafc s\u01a1n, Ch\u1ecb h\u00f2a<\/i>.<\/p>\n – L\u00ed lu\u1eadn ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh: ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1eafm nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Chinh.<\/p>\n b.<\/b>\u00a0V\u0103n h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb 1955 \u2013 1964<\/i><\/p>\n \u2013 Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1: ca ng\u1ee3i c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111i l\u00ean x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh n\u1ed7i \u0111au chia c\u1eaft n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n \u2013 Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n – Truy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn: m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng ng\u00f3c ng\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n + \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p:\u00a0S\u1ed1ng m\u00e3i v\u1edbi th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4, Cao \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/i>.<\/p>\n + \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng:\u00a0V\u1ee3 nh\u1eb7t, Tranh t\u1ed1i tranh s\u00e1ng<\/i>.<\/p>\n + C\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng CNXH:\u00a0Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i \u0111\u00f2 s\u00f4ng \u0110\u00e0, M\u00f9a l\u1ea1c, C\u00e1i s\u00e2n g\u1ea1ch<\/i>.<\/p>\n – Th\u01a1: c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c:\u00a0Gi\u00f3 l\u1ed9ng, \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 sa, Ri\u00eang chung<\/i>.<\/p>\n c.<\/b>\u00a0V\u0103n h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb 1965 \u2013 1975<\/i><\/p>\n \u2013 Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1: ca ng\u1ee3i t\u00ecnh th\u1ea7n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a anh h\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n \u2013 Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n – Truy\u1ec7n k\u00ed:<\/p>\n + Mi\u1ec1n Nam: ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u gian nan c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n Nam:\u00a0R\u1eebng x\u00e0 nu, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 c\u1ea7m s\u00fang<\/i>.<\/p>\n + Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc:\u00a0k\u00ed ch\u1ed1ng m\u1ef9, truy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn c\u1ee7a V\u0169 Th\u00e0nh Long<\/i>.<\/p>\n – Th\u01a1: ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1edbi khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00e0o s\u00e2u v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i t\u00ean nh\u01b0 Ph\u1ea1m ti\u1ebfn Du\u1eadt, Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa \u0110i\u1ec1m, Ch\u00ednh H\u1eefu …<\/p>\n – K\u1ecbch: c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 k\u1ecbch qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 3<\/b>: Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb 1945 \u2013 1975<\/span><\/p>\n – V\u0103n h\u1ecdc v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng theo h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a, g\u1eafn b\u00f3 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh chung c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/p>\n + N\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh “V\u0103n h\u00f3a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn<\/i>” (H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh) c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ki\u1ec3u nh\u00e0 v\u0103n m\u1edbi:\u00a0nh\u00e0 v\u0103n \u2013 chi\u1ebfn s\u0129<\/i>. \u00dd th\u1ee9c, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 cao, nh\u00e0 v\u0103n g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u1edbi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u00f9ng ng\u00f2i b\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, c\u1ed5 v\u0169 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n + V\u0103n h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c: b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng l\u1edbn xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t th\u01a1 ca v\u00e0 truy\u1ec7n k\u00ed.<\/p>\n + C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3i \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y. V\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1 cao lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, ng\u1ee3i ca nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi trong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc sau ng\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, h\u00e0n g\u1eafn v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh.<\/p>\n – N\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n + V\u0103n h\u1ecdc g\u1eafn b\u00f3 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng n\u00f4ng binh.<\/p>\n + V\u0103n h\u1ecdc mang t\u00ednh nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u00f3i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7i b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ni\u1ec1m vui, t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi m\u1edbi, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf h\u1ecd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t anh h\u00f9ng; t\u1eadp trung kh\u1eafc h\u1ecda h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n – N\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc mang khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eed thi v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n<\/p>\n + V\u0103n h\u1ecdc mang \u0111\u1eadm ch\u1ea5t s\u1eed thi, t\u1eadp trung ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc: T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c c\u00f2n hay m\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 do hay n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. N\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p cao c\u1ea3, l\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a anh h\u00f9ng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi v\u0103n trang tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u00e0o h\u00f9ng, tr\u00e1ng l\u1ec7. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a\u00a0Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 c\u1ea7m s\u00fang<\/i>, c\u1ee7a\u00a0Ng\u01b0\u1eddi con g\u00e1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/i>, c\u1ee7a\u00a0D\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ee9ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/i>\u00a0…<\/p>\n + Khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eed thi th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n l\u00e0m cho v\u0103n h\u1ecdc giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n tinh th\u1ea7n l\u1ea1c quan, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean n\u00e9t th\u1ea9m m\u0129 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng M\u0129 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 4<\/b>: C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, h\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00ec sao v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1975 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ebft th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n C\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi do \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta sang n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u00f3a nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. V\u0103n h\u1ecdc d\u1ecbch, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 quy lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1ch quan c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 5<\/b>: Nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1975 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ebft th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX<\/span><\/p>\n Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1975 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ebft th\u1ec3 k\u1ec9 XX c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia l\u00e0m hai th\u1eddi k\u00ec nh\u1ecf l\u00e0 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1975 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1985 v\u00e0 t\u1eeb sau n\u0103m 1986 tr\u1edf \u0111i. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1975 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 985 l\u00e0 ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp, tr\u0103n tr\u1edf; t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1986 tr\u1edf \u0111i l\u00e0 ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi. V\u0103n h\u1ecdc trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfng l\u00f2ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u1eafc \u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi; n\u00f3 n\u1edf r\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ca v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft, kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn tranh; ch\u1ea5t nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, nh\u00e2n v\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 cao h\u01a1n, \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7i \u0111au v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi sau chi\u1ebfn tranh.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u1ecdc trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn tranh, \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1edbi c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra trong con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 Thanh Th\u1ea3o, H\u1eefu Th\u1ec9nh, Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eadu, Tr\u1ea7n M\u1ea1nh H\u1ea3o, Xu\u00e2n Qu\u1ef3nh, Nguy\u1ec5n Minh Ch\u00e2u, Nguy\u1ec5n Duy, Ma V\u0103n Kh\u00e1ng, Tr\u1ea7n Nhu\u1eadn Minh \u2026 C\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0\u00a0\u0110\u1ea5t tr\u1eafng, Hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i trung \u0111o\u00e0n, \u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, C\u00f9 lao Tr\u00e0m, Cha v\u00e0 con, G\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m, M\u00f9a l\u00e1 r\u1ee5ng trong v\u01b0\u1eddn, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 tr\u00ean chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh, Chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n ngo\u00e0i xa, T\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 h\u01b0u, B\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng, N\u1ed7i bu\u1ed3n chi\u1ebfn tranh, C\u00e1t b\u1ee5i ch\u00e2n ai, Ai \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng?, …<\/i><\/p>\n Tr\u00ean l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ecbch c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0\u00a0Nh\u00e2n danh c\u00f4ng l\u00ed<\/i>\u00a0c\u1ee7a Do\u00e3n Ho\u00e0ng Giang;\u00a0T\u00f4i v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta; H\u1ed3n Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Ba, da h\u00e0ng th\u1ecbt<\/i>\u00a0c\u1ee7a L\u01b0u Quang V\u0169.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" C\u00e2u 1: Nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, x\u00e3 h\u00f4i, v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m 1945 \u0111\u1ebfn 1975. – Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 m\u1edf ra k\u1ec9 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi, k\u1ec9 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1299],"tags":[1354,1351,1353],"yoast_head":"\n\n