Hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110H th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n x\u00e9t tuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i thi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c thay cho c\u00e1ch thi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng theo t\u1eebng kh\u1ed1i thi, m\u00f4n thi. C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c g\u00ec v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch thi hi\u1ec7n nay?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t trong hai d\u1ea1ng quy chi\u1ebfu nh\u00f3m chu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c quy chi\u1ebfu ti\u00eau ch\u00ed t\u00f9y v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c b\u00e0i thi quy chi\u1ebfu nh\u00f3m chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a th\u00ed sinh (TS) v\u1edbi nhau n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tuy\u1ec3n sinh. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c b\u00e0i thi quy chi\u1ebfu ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 TS c\u00f3 n\u1eafm v\u1eefng nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p thi h\u1ecdc k\u1ef3, cu\u1ed1i c\u1ea5p, t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c b\u00e0i thi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 IELTS, SAT hay GRE, IQ, EQ l\u00e0 b\u00e0i thi quy chi\u1ebfu nh\u00f3m chu\u1ea9n. B\u00e0i thi ACT c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 quy chi\u1ebfu ti\u00eau ch\u00ed nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m chu\u1ea9n. B\u00e0i thi<\/p>\n

A-level c\u1ee7a Anh ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 quy chi\u1ebfu nh\u00f3m chu\u1ea9n, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang d\u1ea1ng quy chi\u1ebfu ti\u00eau ch\u00ed v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nay h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00e0i thi n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng \u201clai\u201d (hybrid). B\u00e0i thi \u0110H tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a VN (khi c\u00f2n c\u1ea3 hai k\u1ef3 thi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n sinh \u0110H) mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 2 d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 tuy\u1ec3n sinh<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i thi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c (Aptitude and ability tests) l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng b\u00e0i thi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i b\u00e0i thi quy chi\u1ebfu nh\u00f3m chu\u1ea9n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m b\u00e0i thi tuy\u1ec3n sinh.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c b\u00e0i thi th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, ki\u1ec3u truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, ho\u1eb7c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng, ho\u1eb7c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u00f9y theo m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u00e0i thi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00e1c b\u00e0i thi n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi TS ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm v\u1eefng nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c b\u00e0i thi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng g\u1eafn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o. Do v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin cho s\u1eb5n trong c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ea7m tay. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi TS ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 trong ph\u1ea1m vi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u0103n b\u1ea3n. N\u00f3i chung c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ki\u1ec3m tra ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c cao si\u00eau m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u00e0i thi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o n\u1ed9i dung ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u00e0i thi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u1ea3o th\u00ed ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 theo \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00e0i thi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi chu\u1ea9n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u1eabn sang c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ki\u1ec3m tra ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c. Theo c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c, \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng n\u1eefa l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u00f4 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi thi \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang thang \u0111i\u1ec3m chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong tuy\u1ec3n sinh. Do \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng do t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u1ea3o th\u00ed chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 thi.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e9t tuy\u1ec3n<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c b\u00e0i thi tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 SAT, ACT hay A-levels \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u1ea3o th\u00ed chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i thi n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e9t tuy\u1ec3n \u0110H m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ti\u00eau ch\u00ed kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng b\u00e0i thi qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u00e0m b\u00e0i tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. D\u1ea1ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c t\u1ef1 lu\u1eadn. Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng. C\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 b\u00e0i thi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u00e0i thi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 l\u00e0m tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c gh\u00e9p 2 b\u00e0i thi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p THPT v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n sinh \u0110H g\u00e2y ra r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 do b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a 2 k\u1ef3 thi kh\u00e1c nhau. N\u1ebfu qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1eddng minh, vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 thi c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed7 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 97 – 98% l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. B\u00e0i thi tuy\u1ec3n sinh v\u00e0o \u0110H l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 b\u00e0i thi v\u1eeba quy chi\u1ebfu nh\u00f3m chu\u1ea9n v\u1eeba quy chi\u1ebfu ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ch\u01b0a ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gian l\u1eadn trong thi v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra, vi\u1ec7c mua b\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ecdc b\u1ea1 s\u1ebd d\u1eabn t\u1edbi m\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 tuy\u1ec3n sinh \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p, ph\u1ea3i ban h\u00e0nh b\u1ed9 khung n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c qu\u1ed1c gia, t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 khung n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec1 thi.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c trong \u0111\u1ec1 thi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c<\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u00f4ng n\u00e0o l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u?
\n(A) Enisei
\n(B) Obi
\n(C) Volga
\n(D) Lena<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i C\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 (ASEAN) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp b\u1edfi 5 qu\u1ed1c gia Indonesia, Malaysia, Th\u00e1i Lan, Singapore v\u00e0 Philippines:
\n(A) Th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1967,
\nt\u1ea1i Singapore
\n(B) Th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1967,
\nt\u1ea1i Bangkok
\n(C) Th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1976, t\u1ea1i
\nKuala Lumpur
\n(D) Th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1976,
\nt\u1ea1i Manila<\/p>\n

UNCLOS l\u00e0 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a t\u00ean g\u1ecdi n\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y?
\n(A) Hi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng
\nLi\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c
\n(B) C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 lu\u1eadt Bi\u1ec3n
\n(C) B\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc \u1ee9ng x\u1eed \u1edf
\nBi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng
\n(D) Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng x\u1eed \u1edf
\nBi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi tr\u00edch t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec1 thi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c m\u1eabu c\u1ee7a \u0110H Qu\u1ed1c gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u1edf b\u1eadc th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t trong thang \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c: m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebft. C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u1ec9 ki\u1ec3m tra ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n. Vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u00fang hay sai nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn hay gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a TS. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc g\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n