Xem th\u00eam: \u0110\u1ec1 thi th\u1eed THPT Qu\u1ed1c gia m\u00f4n S\u1eed<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
\u0110\u1ec0 THI TH\u1eec THPT QU\u1ed0C GIA M\u00d4N S\u1eec N\u0102M 2016 \u2013 \u0110\u1ec0 S\u1ed0 5<\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00e2u I (3,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) <\/strong><\/p>\n Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn, \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng (1930 – 1931) v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec9nh cao l\u00e0 X\u00f4 Vi\u1ebft – Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh?<\/p>\n C\u00e2u II (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) <\/strong><\/p>\n H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 VI (11\/39) v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng? H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 8 (5\/41) v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh?<\/p>\n C\u00e2u III (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) <\/strong><\/p>\n Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1974 \u2013 m\u00f9a Xu\u00e2n 1975, sau m\u1ed7i th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i l\u1edbn tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0110\u1ea3ng ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1edbm gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n mi\u1ec1n Nam?<\/p>\n C\u00e2u IV.(3,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m)<\/strong><\/p>\n 1. Cao tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n (3–>8\/45)?<\/p>\n 2. C\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0o? Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u? \u00fd ngh\u0129a?<\/p>\n C\u00e2u I (3,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) <\/strong><\/p>\n a) Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/p>\n – V\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf – X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i – Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb<\/p>\n –> \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng 1930 \u2013 1931.<\/p>\n b) Di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn<\/p>\n * T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 2–>4\/1930: Phong tr\u00e0o n\u1ed5 ra \u1edf c\u1ea3 3 k\u1ef3.<\/p>\n – Ng\u00e0y 2\/1930 cu\u1ed9c b\u00e3i c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a h\u01a1n 3000 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n cao su Ph\u00fa Ri\u1ec1ng \u1edf Nam K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00f2i t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng, gi\u1ea3m gi\u1edd l\u00e0m, ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eadp c\u00fap ph\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n – Cu\u1ed9c b\u00e3i c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a 4000 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ef1 Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh….<\/p>\n – Phong tr\u00e0o di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf H\u00e0 Nam, Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh, Ngh\u1ec7 An…<\/p>\n –> Ph\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ta d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t \u1edf B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 v\u00ec n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u00f4ng h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 chi b\u1ed9 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n ra \u0111\u1eddi s\u1edbm h\u01a1n l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u00f2n th\u1ea5p ch\u1ee7 y\u00ea\u00fa \u0111\u00f2i c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n * T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 5–>8\/1930: Phong tr\u00e0o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao.<\/p>\n – Ng\u00e0y 1\/5\/1930 c\u00f4ng n\u00f4ng v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng t\u1ecf r\u00f5 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. T\u1eeb th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 3 mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1edd \u0110\u1ea3ng, truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01a1n, m\u00edt tinh, bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh…<\/p>\n – Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5 ra trong c\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p….<\/p>\n – N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh, H\u01b0ng Y\u00ean, H\u00e0 Nam, Ngh\u1ec7 An…<\/p>\n – Ngh\u1ec7 – T\u0129nh l\u00e0 n\u01a1i phong tr\u00e0o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t. V\u00ec sao?<\/p>\n + Ng\u00e0y 1\/5\/1930 d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n t\u1ec9nh Ngh\u1ec7 An c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y di\u00eam c\u01b0a Vinh – B\u1ebfn Thu\u1ef7 c\u00f9ng h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng l\u00e2n c\u1eadn th\u1ecb x\u00e3 Vinh bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh, th\u1ecb uy ph\u1ea5t cao c\u1edd \u0111\u1ecf b\u00faa li\u1ec1m, gi\u01b0\u01a1ng cao kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f2i t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng, gi\u1ea3m gi\u1edd l\u00e0m…<\/p>\n + C\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 3000 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n huy\u1ec7n Thanh Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n K\u00fd Vi\u1ec7n t\u1ecbch thu ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t chia cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n. Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p l\u00e0m 18 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft…<\/p>\n + Ng\u00e0y 1\/8\/1930 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 cu\u1ed9c b\u00e3i c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vinh – B\u1ebfn Thu\u1ef7 nh\u00e2n ng\u00e0y qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 m\u1edbi, th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn<\/p>\n + C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f2n c\u00f3 phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Ngh\u1ec7 An, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh di\u1ec5n ra v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh c\u00f3 v\u0169 trang \u0111\u00f2i gi\u1ea3m thu\u1ebf th\u00e2n, gi\u1ea3m t\u00f4, b\u1ecf thu\u1ebf ch\u1ee3 thu\u1ebf \u0111\u00f2. Phong tr\u00e0o C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang lan r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp huy\u1ec7n trong hai t\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 5–>8\/1930 phong tr\u00e0o ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng d\u00e2ng cao hon, trung t\u00e2m phong tr\u00e0o gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 mi\u1ec1n Trung, m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh b\u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t, ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng. H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf kinh t\u1ebf m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb mang t\u00ednh giai c\u1ea5p r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n * T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 9\/1930 tr\u1edf \u0111i<\/p>\n – \u0110\u1ec9nh cao c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o (30 – 31) \u1edf Ngh\u1ec7 – T\u0129nh l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh ng\u00e0y 12\/9\/1930 \u1edf H\u01b0ng Nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a 2 v\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c b\u00e3i c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n Vinh – B\u1ebfn Thu\u1ef7 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n v\u00e0 tay sai…<\/p>\n – T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 9–>10\/1930 c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n Thanh Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, Di\u1ec5n Ch\u00e2u (Ngh\u1ec7 An) H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n (H\u00e0 T\u0129nh)…n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 v\u0169 trang kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n Vinh – B\u1ebfn Thu\u1ef7 b\u00e3i c\u00f4ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 3 trong 2 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 phong tr\u00e0o n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n – T\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh ng\u00e0y 12\/9 \u1edf H\u01b0ng Nguy\u00ean phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a qcnd l\u00ean r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn cho b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c, phong ki\u1ebfn \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n Ngh\u1ec7 – T\u0129nh b\u1ecb tan r\u00e3. C\u00e1c ban ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng h\u1ed9i do c\u00e1c chi b\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n theo ki\u1ec3u X\u00f4 Vi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00e1ng 9 tr\u1edf \u0111i phong tr\u00e0o d\u00e2ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh cao ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u0169 trang, kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a c\u01b0\u1edbp ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 l\u1eadp ra ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n X\u00f4 Vi\u1ebft – Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh.<\/p>\n * D\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n X\u00f4 Vi\u1ebft – Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i sau:<\/p>\n – V\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n – V\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n – V\u1ec1 V\u0103n ho\u00e1 – x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n – V\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n X\u00f4 Vi\u1ebft – Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 4,5 th\u00e1ng th\u00ec b\u1ecb th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 tay sai \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p. Tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n X\u00f4 Vi\u1ebft – Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh t\u1ecf r\u00f5 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c X\u00f4 Vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n do d\u00e2n, v\u00ec d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n c) \u00dd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng 30 – 31<\/p>\n – Phong tr\u00e0o C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng 30 – 31 \u0111\u1ec9nh cao l\u00e0 X\u00f4 Vi\u1ebft – Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1i trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. K\u1ebf t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng anh h\u00f9ng b\u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c – L\u00eanin soi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ta d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 v\u00f9ng l\u00ean v\u1edbi kh\u00ed th\u1ebf t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y, gi\u00e1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f2n quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t v\u00e0o b\u00e8 l\u0169 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 phong ki\u1ebfn tay sai.<\/p>\n – Phong tr\u00e0o cho th\u1ea5y d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng giai c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 n\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 phong ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n – Phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc qu\u00fd b\u00e1u cho C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1ec1 sau.<\/p>\n – \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c di\u1ec5n t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u II (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) <\/strong><\/p>\n a) H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 VI v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng(11\/39).<\/p>\n * Ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh ra \u0111\u1eddi<\/p>\n – Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi:<\/p>\n + Chi\u1ebfn tranh Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 2 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 (9\/1939) \u1edf Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1t x\u00edt \u0110\u1ee9c k\u00e9o v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p, b\u1ecdn ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng Ph\u00e1p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng l\u00e0m tay sai cho Ph\u00e1t x\u00edt \u0110\u1ee9c (6\/1940).<\/p>\n + Vi\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4ng Ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Tung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn s\u00e1t bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t \u2013 Trung.<\/p>\n – Trong n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/p>\n + B\u1ecdn Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc 2 nguy c\u01a1 l\u1edbn:<\/p>\n . M\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta s\u1edbm mu\u1ed9n c\u0169ng b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5.<\/p>\n . Hai l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111e do\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt s\u1ebd h\u1ea5t c\u1eb3ng ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n + \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 l\u1ea1i t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3:<\/p>\n . \u0110\u00e0n \u00e1p phong tr\u00e0o C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta thi h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch “Kinh t\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 huy” l\u00e0m cho m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn gi\u1eefa nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta v\u1edbi Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 tay sai c\u00e0ng gay g\u1eaft.<\/p>\n . Tho\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt.<\/p>\n + \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3nh c\u00e1o b\u1ecdn Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 nguy c\u01a1 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u00f2i Ph\u00e1p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy\u1ec1n T\u1ef1 do D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ed1ng Nh\u1eadt. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1n cu\u1ed3ng kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 (9\/39 c\u00f3 1051 v\u1ee5 b\u1eaft b\u1edb, kh\u00e1m x\u00e9t \u1edf B\u1eafc K\u1ef3) \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi r\u00fat v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ed m\u1eadt (1938) ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cao tr\u00e0o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n * N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 VI (11\/1939).<\/p>\n – X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebb th\u00f9 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c Ph\u00e1t x\u00edt<\/p>\n – \u0110\u1eb7t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n – T\u1ea1m r\u00fat kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u “c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t” thay b\u1eb1ng kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u “ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba t\u00f4 cao, ch\u1ed1ng cho vay n\u1eb7ng l\u00e3i, t\u1ecbch thu ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 b\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee7 tay sai \u0111em chia cho d\u00e2n c\u00e0y ngh\u00e8o” kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp “Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n X\u00f4 Vi\u1ebft c\u00f4ng n\u00f4ng” thay b\u1eb1ng kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u” Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng”.<\/p>\n – \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u00ean H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eb1m \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp, giai c\u1ea5p, c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u0129a m\u0169i nh\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0o k\u1ebb th\u00f9 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft l\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c, ph\u00e1t x\u00edt. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb c\u00f2n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng s\u1edbm b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5.<\/p>\n * Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u1ed9i dung chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c:<\/p>\n – Trong Lu\u1eadn c\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb 1930 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec1 ra 2 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5 \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Phong ki\u1ebfn. Hai nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 kh\u0103ng kh\u00edt v\u1edbi nhau<\/p>\n – T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1939 – 1941 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n m\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp trung m\u0169i nh\u1ecdn v\u00e0o k\u1ebb th\u00f9 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu, tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft l\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c, ph\u00e1t x\u00edt, \u0111\u1eb7t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u do \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1m r\u00fat kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u”C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t” (g\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5 phong ki\u1ebfn) thay kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u “Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n X\u00f4 Vi\u1ebft c\u00f4ng n\u00f4ng” b\u1eb1ng “Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng” \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i m\u1ecdi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp, giai c\u1ea5p, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n * \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n – \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn. \u0110\u1ea3ng ta gi\u01b0\u01a1ng cao ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i m\u1ecdi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp, giai c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng trong M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 chung<\/p>\n – S\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh m\u1edbi, th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1edbi th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n b) H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 VIII (th\u00e1ng 5\/41) v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh.<\/p>\n * Ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh<\/p>\n – Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi:<\/p>\n + Chi\u1ebfn tranh Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 2 b\u01b0\u1edbc sang n\u0103m th\u1ee9 ba, 6\/1941 Ph\u00e1t x\u00edt \u0110\u1ee9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Li\u00ean X\u00f4 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh \u00e1i qu\u1ed1c v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Li\u00ean X\u00f4 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t chi\u1ebfn tranh thay \u0111\u1ed5i, tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh hai tr\u1eadn tuy\u1ebfn: m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 do Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i Ph\u00e1t xit \u0110\u1ee9c, Italia, Nh\u1eadt. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n + \u1ede m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Ch\u00e2u \u00c1, Nh\u1eadt chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfn tranh Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n – Trong n\u01b0\u1edbc: Nh\u1eadt – Ph\u00e1p \u0111ang b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta ch\u1ecbu hai t\u1ea7ng \u00e1p b\u1ee9c b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n * H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 VIII (5\/41) \u0111\u00e3:<\/p>\n – Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n + M\u00e2u thu\u1eabn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c ph\u00e1t x\u00edt x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t, v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c nguy vong kh\u00f4ng l\u00fac n\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady l\u00fac n\u00e0y nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 b\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft, k\u1ebb th\u00f9 ch\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Ph\u00e1p – Nh\u1eadt.<\/p>\n – Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng:<\/p>\n + Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ea1m g\u00e1c kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u “T\u1ecbch thu ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee7 chia cho d\u00e2n c\u00e0y” ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0a ra kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u”T\u1ecbch thu ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t gian chia cho d\u00e2n c\u00e0y”.<\/p>\n + \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ed1ng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0110\u1ed3ng minh (M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh) bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang l\u1ea5y t\u00ean l\u00e0 H\u1ed9i c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c nh\u1eb1m “li\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ec7t gi\u00e0u ngh\u00e8o, gi\u00e0 tr\u1ebb, g\u00e1i trai, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u1eb7ng c\u00f9ng nhau m\u01b0u cu\u1ed9c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng v\u00e0 sinh t\u1ed3n”.<\/p>\n – Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi v\u0169 trang kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a<\/p>\n * Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9 1: V\u00ec “N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 do cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u1ed1c gia d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u00f2n ch\u1ecbu m\u00e3i ki\u1ebfp ng\u1ef1a tr\u00e2u, m\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn g\/c \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea1n n\u0103m c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c”<\/p>\n * \u00dd ngh\u0129a<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 VIII \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ra t\u1eeb H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb VI. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng to\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n ta t\u00edch c\u1ef1c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m.<\/p>\n c) N\u00e9t ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh (6\/41–>3\/45)<\/p>\n * X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/p>\n – \u1ede c\u0103n c\u1ee9 B\u1eafc S\u01a1n – V\u0169 Nhai: Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i du k\u00edch th\u00e0nh C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chi\u1ebfn tranh du k\u00edch trong 8 th\u00e1ng (7\/41–>2\/42) sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y c\u01a1 s\u1edf trong qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean, Tuy\u00ean Quang, L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n<\/p>\n – \u1ede c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Cao B\u1eb1ng: Cao B\u1eb1ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c H\u1ed9i c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea5t trongc\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ebfn 1942 kh\u1eafp 9 ch\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 H\u1ed9i c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c, U\u1ef7 ban Vi\u1ec7t minh t\u1ec9nh Cao B\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 U\u1ef7 ban Vi\u1ec7t minh t\u1ec9nh Cao – B\u1eafc – L\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. N\u0103m 1943 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 19 ban xung phong “Nam ti\u1ebfn” \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng xu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh mi\u1ec1n xu\u00f4i.<\/p>\n – \u1ede c\u00e1c n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c: \u0110\u1ea3ng tranh th\u1ee7 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1943 \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u1ea3n “\u0110\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u0103n ho\u00e1” v\u00e0 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp H\u1ed9i v\u0103n ho\u00e1 c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam (cu\u1ed1i 1940 \u0110\u1ea3ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ee9ng trong M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh (6\/44).<\/p>\n – \u0110\u1ea3ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng binh l\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ngo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1u \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1t x\u00edt<\/p>\n – B\u00e1o ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh (C\u1edd gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c..) ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n phong ph\u00fa \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u0103n ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, thu h\u00fat \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng<\/p>\n * Ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u0169 trang<\/p>\n – 7\/5\/1941 T\u1ed5ng b\u1ed9 Vi\u1ec7t minh ra “Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb v\u1ec1 s\u1eeda so\u1ea1n kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a”<\/p>\n – Theo ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 ng\u00e0y 22\/12\/1944 \u0110\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n (\u0110VNTTGPQ) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. Hai ng\u00e0y sau \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed3n Phay Kh\u1eaft v\u00e0 N\u00e0 Ng\u1ea7n. Qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang ph\u1ea5n kh\u1edfi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch hoang mang lo s\u1ee3.<\/p>\n – L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho nhau. Do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp su\u1ed1t m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn t\u1eeb b\u1edd s\u00f4ng L\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c l\u1ed9 s\u1ed1 3, ph\u00eda Nam \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ec9nh l\u1ecb Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 V\u0129nh Y\u00ean.<\/p>\n – T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1eddi cu\u1ed9c r\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi th\u01b0 cho \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c n\u00eau r\u00f5 “Phe x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t. C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ch\u1ec9 \u1edf trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m ho\u1eb7c n\u0103m r\u01b0\u1ee1i n\u1eefa. Th\u1eddi gian r\u1ea5t g\u1ea5p. Ta ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m nhanh”.<\/p>\n => Nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho th\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc<\/p>\n * Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh.<\/p>\n – \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m: M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p m\u1ecdi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kh\u1ed1i \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb cho c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng trong vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i – T\u00e2n Tr\u00e0o. (16 ->17\/8\/45) huy \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n tham gia t\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a th\u00e1ng 8\/45. D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. Trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y t\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a l\u00e1 c\u1edd \u0111\u1ecf sao v\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh (l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Nam K\u1ef3) tung bay trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh qu\u1ed1c k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i kho\u00e1 I th\u00f4ng qua.<\/p>\n – Sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i: M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 kh\u1ed1i \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft to\u00e0n d\u00e2n trong m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n m\u1edbi, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n – Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m t\u1eeb 1945 – 1951 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi H\u1ed9i Li\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p m\u1ecdi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3 gian kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t th\u1eafng.<\/p>\n – Ng\u00e0y 3\/3\/1951 M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi H\u1ed9i Li\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Li\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0m cho kh\u1ed1i \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u00e0ng th\u00eam c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1. Vi\u1ec7t Minh \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, vai tr\u00f2 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p to l\u1edbn trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kh\u1ed1i \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c XHCN ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u III (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) <\/strong><\/p>\n 1- Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 chi\u1ebfn tranh, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, ra s\u1ee9c chi vi\u1ec7n cho chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng mi\u1ec1n Nam<\/p>\n – Sau Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Pari 1973, mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1ea3ng ta ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 chi\u1ebfn tranh, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c kinh t\u1ebf, ra s\u1ee9c chi vi\u1ec7n cho ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1974, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1eb7t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1t v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1ee9c n\u0103m 1964 v\u00e0 1971 l\u00e0 hai n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c cao nh\u1ea5t trong 20 n\u0103m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng CNXH \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc; \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n – Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng chi vi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc cho mi\u1ec1n Nam nh\u1eb1m ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n 1975, trong hai th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1975, \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u1ea5p r\u00fat \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o mi\u1ec1n Nam 57.000 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i (trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 108.000 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean 1975), c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u v\u0169 kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1ee3c, qu\u00e2n trang, qu\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng, x\u0103ng d\u1ea7u, thu\u1ed1c men, l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m\u2026 \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1975, ta \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1eafc \u2013 Nam, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn d\u1ea7u t\u1edbi L\u1ed9c Ninh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c h\u1eefu tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng; chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t: qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, kinh t\u1ebf, giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, y t\u1ebf sau khi chi\u1ebfn tranh k\u1ebft th\u00fac.<\/p>\n 2. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n mi\u1ec1n Nam.<\/p>\n – Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1974 \u2013 \u0111\u1ea7u 1975, sau th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i vang d\u1ed9i trong chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng 14 \u2013 Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Long, qu\u00e2n ng\u1ee5y \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng m\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng song th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, trong khi M\u0129 ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng y\u1ebfu \u1edbt, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb xa v\u00e0 \u0111e d\u1ecda.<\/p>\n – Di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb B\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb (t\u1eeb 30-9 \u0111\u1ebfn 7-10-1974) v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n ta, v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 suy y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n ng\u1ee5y, v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng can thi\u1ec7p tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a M\u0129. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng (t\u1eeb 18-12-1974 \u0111\u1ebfn 8-1-1975) quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch 2 n\u0103m (1975-1976) ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u1ec1 ra t\u1eeb H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb th\u00e1ng 10-1974. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 n\u0103m 1975 tranh th\u1ee7 th\u1eddi c\u01a1 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbch tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1976 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng k\u00edch \u2013 t\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n mi\u1ec1n Nam. Tuy \u0111\u1ec1 ra k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch 2 n\u0103m, song B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cN\u1ebfu th\u1eddi c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1975 th\u00ec l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam trong n\u0103m 1975\u201d. B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u0169ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i tranh th\u1ee7 th\u1eddi c\u01a1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng k\u00edch \u2013 t\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh nhanh th\u1eafng nhanh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee1 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn t\u1ed1t c\u01a1 s\u1edf kinh t\u1ebf, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u0103n h\u00f3a\u2026, gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh.<\/p>\n – Ngay trong khi chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n, th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi c\u01a1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i, B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u1ec1 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng S\u00e0i G\u00f2n v\u00e0 to\u00e0n mi\u1ec1n Nam, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Hu\u1ebf \u2013 \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng. Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ng\u00e0y 25-3-1975 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau r\u00f5 \u201cTh\u1eddi c\u01a1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn, ta c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh s\u1edbm quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam\u2026 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00f9a m\u01b0a\u201d (tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e1ng 5-1975). Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh mang t\u00ean \u201cChi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh\u201d. Cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady Xu\u00e2n 1975 k\u1ebft th\u00fac ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i m\u1edf ra b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00e0ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng ta.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u IV.(3,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m)<\/strong><\/p>\n a) Ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a cao tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n – T\u1eeb sau H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 8 (5\/41), MTVM ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh, \u0110\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n ra \u0111\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1945 chi\u1ebfn tranh Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 2 s\u1eafp k\u1ebft th\u00fac, phe ph\u00e1t x\u00edt \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nguy c\u01a1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n k\u1ec1.<\/p>\n – \u0110\u00eam 9\/3\/45 Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfm \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eb1m r\u1ea3nh tay \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed3ng minh. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u01b0\u1edbc sang th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 m\u1edbi – th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ti\u1ec1n kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n – Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng h\u1ecdp H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng (9\/3\/45) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edbi: Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb “Nh\u1eadt – Ph\u00e1p b\u1eafn nhau v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta” ng\u00e0y 12\/3\/1945 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cao tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n – N\u1ed9i dung c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb l\u00e0:<\/p>\n + V\u1ea1ch r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt.<\/p>\n + X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebb th\u00f9 ch\u00ednh duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta l\u00fac n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt c\u00f9ng b\u1ecdn tay sai c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n + K\u00eau g\u1ecdi qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh 1 cao tr\u00e0o th\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd l\u00e0m ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 cho cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng chuy\u1ec3n sang h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a khi th\u1eddi c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n + Ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang n\u1ed5i d\u1eady \u0111\u1ea5u tranh d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u0169 trang c\u01b0\u1edbp ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n + Thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ecdi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u1ecdi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ti\u1ec1n kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a, \u0111em kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u “\u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i PX Nh\u1eadt” thay cho kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u”\u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i Ph\u00e1p – Nh\u1eadt” tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ra kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u “Th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n”<\/p>\n Ngo\u00e0i ra ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5: Do t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan L2 gi\u1eefa ta v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf m\u1ed7i n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau, CM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00edn mu\u1ed3i \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u nhau n\u00ean n\u01a1i n\u00e0o th\u1ea5y so s\u00e1nh L2 gi\u1eefa ta v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho CM th\u00ec l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c k\/n t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i t\u1eebng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n trong to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n => Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, 1 l\u1eddi hi\u1ec7u tri\u1ec7u, 1 ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd d\u1eabn d\u1eaft d\u00e2n ta ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cao tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc trong th\u1eddi gian t\u1edbi t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i chung c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n b) S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a cao tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n – Cao tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc di\u1ec5n ra v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh phong ph\u00fa, quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t, th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ti\u1ec1n kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n – Phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u0169 trang v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c di\u1ec5n ra ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba Cao – B\u1eafc – L\u1ea1ng, Ba T\u01a1.<\/p>\n – H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 (4\/45) quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang, b\u00e1n v\u0169 trang, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt…<\/p>\n – Th\u00e1ng 6\/1945 Khu gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc ra \u0111\u1eddi, U\u1ef7 ban l\u00e2m th\u1eddi khu gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n 10 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Minh, Khu gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh thu nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n – Phong tr\u00e0o ph\u00e1 kho th\u00f3c c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang, thu h\u00fat h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia, b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1edd h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eafp t\u1edbi.<\/p>\n c) \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a cao tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n – Qua cao tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u0169 trang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc, k\u1ebb th\u00f9 hoang mang, suy y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n – Cao tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp d\u01b0\u1ee3t cho qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea5u tranh, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n khi th\u1eddi c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n 2.<\/p>\n a) Ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh:<\/p>\n – C\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1c h\u00e2u (tr\u1eeb Ti\u1ec7p Kh\u1eafc, CHDC \u0110\u1ee9c).<\/p>\n – C\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh bao v\u00e2y kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 can thi\u1ec7p, ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n – Trong c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c ch\u1ed1ng CNXH v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ra s\u1ee9c ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1 (T\u01b0 s\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee7, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o). Tuy v\u1eady v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1eadu thu\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4, c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng CNXH c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n b) Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u:<\/p>\n – Anbani: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc chi\u1ebfn tranh ngh\u00e8o, ch\u1eadm ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1ea5t Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. \u0110\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, luy\u1ec7n kim, ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed ho\u00e1 trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n nhu c\u1ea7u l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n – Ba Lan: N\u0103m 1983 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u0103ng 20 l\u1ea7n so n\u0103m 1970. N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i.G\u1ea7n n\u1eeda nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Ba Lan s\u1ed1ng trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 m\u1edbi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n – Bungari:T\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103m 1975 t\u0103ng 55 l\u1ea7n so n\u0103m 1939. N\u00f4ng th\u00f4n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed ho\u00e1.<\/p>\n – Hungari, CHDC \u0110\u1ee9c, Ti\u1ec7p Kh\u1eafc.<\/p>\n c) \u00dd ngh\u0129a:<\/p>\n – L\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n – G\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng XHCN tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n <\/em><\/p>\n T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft. C\u00e1c em h\u00e3y xem th\u00eam v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i file chi ti\u1ebft t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y:<\/strong>Download<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u0110\u1ec1 thi th\u1eed THPT Qu\u1ed1c gia m\u00f4n S\u1eed n\u0103m 2016 – \u0110\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 5, g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 4 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, c\u00e1c em tham kh\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y: Xem th\u00eam: \u0110\u1ec1 thi th\u1eed THPT Qu\u1ed1c gia m\u00f4n S\u1eed \u0110\u1ec0 THI TH\u1eec THPT QU\u1ed0C GIA M\u00d4N S\u1eec N\u0102M 2016 \u2013 \u0110\u1ec0 S\u1ed0 5 C\u00e2u I (3,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u0110\u00c1P \u00c1N \u0110\u1ec0 THI TH\u1eec THPT QU\u1ed0C GIA M\u00d4N S\u1eec N\u0102M 2016 \u2013 \u0110\u1ec0 S\u1ed0 5<\/strong><\/h3>\n